Medicine and Surgery

Heart and vessels: atherosclerosis; aneurysms and dissections; vasculitis; myocardial hypertrophy and adverse cardiac remodeling; ischemic heart disease; valvular heart disease (dystrophic, myxomatous, inflammatory); cardiomyopathies (inflammatory, dilated, hypertrophic, arrhythmogenic; restrictive); pericardial disease (pericardial effusion and hemopericardium; pericarditis). Lung, pleura and mediastinum: pulmonary edema; acute respiratory distress syndrome; embolism, hemorrhage and infarction; emphysema, cronic obstructive pulmonary disease; pneumothorax; pulmonary hypertension; diffuse interstitial disease; pulmonary infections; lung tumors (benign, malignant); tissue determination of prognostic and predictive factors; pleural effusions; pleural tumors; thymomas. Kidney and urinary tract: congenital anomalies and cystic disease; glomerular disease (acute glomerulonephritis, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, membranous nephropathy, minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, chronic glomerulonephritis). Tubular and interstitial disease: acute tubular necrosis; tubulointerstitial nephritis. Vascular disease: atherosclerosis; hypertensive kidney disease; renal artery stenosis thrombotic microangiopathies. Obstructive uropathy: urolithiasis, other. Tumors of the kidney (benign, malignant); tissue determination of prognostic and predictive factors. Lower urinary tract: inflammations, benign and malignant tumors of ureter and bladder. Male genital system: testicular tumors; benign prostatic hyperplasia; prostatic tumors. Female genital system: disease of the uterus (uterine cervix inflammation, cervical intraepithelial and invasive squamous neoplasia, chronic endometritis, endometriosis and adenomyosis, endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia, benign and malignant tumors of the endometrium).Disease of the ovary (benign and malignant ovarian tumors) Breast: inflammation, benign epithelial lesions, fibrocystic changes, proliferative breast disease without atypia, proliferative breast disease with atypia, benign and malignant tumors, tissue determination of prognostic and predictive factors in breast carcinoma.

Basic knowledge of gross and microscopic anatomy and, physiology and general pathology

Suggested textbooks: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Bases of Disease, latest edition

In presence

Practical test: Interpretation of macro- and microscopic morphological pictures, solution of clinico-pathological cases. Written exam: 30 multiple choice questions

HEART AND VESSELS Atherosclerosis Aortic aneurysms and dissections Vasculidities Myocardial hypertrophy and adverse cardiac remodelling Ischemic heart disease Valvular heart disease • Dystrophic • Myxomatous • Inflammatory Cardiomyopathies • Inflammatory • Dilated • Hypertrophic • Arrhythmogenic • Restrictive Pericardial disease • Pericardial effusion and hemopericardium • pericarditis LUNG, PLEURA AND MEDIASTINUM Pulmonary edema Acute respiratory distress syndrome Embolism, hemorrage and infarction Emphisema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Pneumothorax Pulmonary hypertension Diffuse interstitial disease Pulmonary infections Lung tumors • Benign • Malignant • Tissue determination of prognostic and predictive factors Pleural effusions Pleural tumors Thymomas KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT Congenital anomalies and cystic disease Glomerular disease • Acute glomerulonephritis • Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis • Membranous glomerulopathy • Minimal change disease • Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis • Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis • IgA nephropathy • Chronic glomerulonephritis Tubular and interstitial disease • Acute tubular necrosis • Tubulointerstitial nephritis Vascular disease • Atherosclerosis • Benign nephrosclerosis • Malignant hypertension • Renal artery stenosis • Thrombotic microangiopathies Obstructive uropathy • Urolithiasis • Other Tumors of the kidney • Benign • Malignant • Tissue determination of prognostic and predictive factors LOWER URINARY TRACT • Inflammations • Benign and malignant tumors of ureter and bladder MALE GENITAL SYSTEM Testicular tumors Prostate disease • Benign prostatic hyperplasia • Prostatic tumors FEMALE GENITAL SYSTEM Disease of the uterus • Uterine cervix inflammation • Cervical intraepithelial and invasive squamous neoplasia • Chronic endometritis • Endometriosis and adenomyosis • Endometrial polyps • Endometrial hyperplasia • Malignant tumors of the endometrium • Benign and malignant tumors of the endometrium Disease of the ovaio • Benign and malignant ovarian tumors BREAST Inflammation Benign epithelial lesions • Fibrocystic changes • Proliferative breast disease without atypia • Proliferative breast disease with atypia Benign and malignant tumors Tissue determination of prognostic and predictive factors in breast carcinoma

Requirements: Basic knowledge of gross and microscopic anatomy and, physiology and general pathology

Suggested textbooks: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Bases of Disease, latest edition

mandatory

1) Practical exam. It precedes the written exam. To give the written exam you MUST pass the practical one. You will be asked to interpret 3 clinico-pathologic cases (gross and/or histologic or cytologic findings). Each correct answer gives you 1 point (maximum: 3 points for 3 correct answers). Answers which are partially correct are scored 0.5. If you do not answer or if your interpretation is completely wrong, the score is 0. If you pass the practical exam with a total score of 3 to 2.5, you will receive a “bonus” of 2 points or 1 point respectively, which will be added to the score of your written exam. The results of your practical exams will be scored as follows: •3 = (with a 2 point bonus) •2,5 = (with a 1 point bonus) •2 to 1,5= you are admitted to the written exam, with NO bonus bonus •<1,5 = You are not admitted to the written exam. In case you do not want to give the written exam right after the practical one, you can keep your score until the end of the session (and not more!) 2) Written exam. It consists of 30 multiple choice quiz. Each correct answer is scored 1. Wrong answers are scored 0. The minimum score required to pass the exam is 18. 3)Oral exam. It is OPTIONAL. You can ask for the oral exam to improve your score if you have a minimum score of 18. Keep in mind that your score may improve, but the opposite is also possible.The exams modalities are the same for Anatomic Pathology I and II. The final score is a mean value of the scores obtained at the ongoing and final exams