Pharmacy

EFINITION , LIMITS AND PURPOSE OF LABORATORY MEDICINE . Concepts in Laboratory Medicine Classification of disciplines included within the scope of Laboratory Medicine . Advisory functions of the Medical Laboratory and rationalization in the chosen mode of laboratory investigations : the strategy in the application of laboratory tests ( screening tests , individual tests , organ profiles , diagnostic protocols , monitoring of therapies , diagnostic investigations , etc. ) . LAB REPORT: The pre - analytical variability ( patient preparation , the various types of biological sampling for biochemical investigations and clinical pathology and microbiological investigations , arrangements for their implementation , transport and storage) . The analytical variability ( laboratory errors , the quality assurance system : quality control ) . Choice and evaluation of methods ( sensitivity and specificity , optimization, standardization and reliability of the methods ) . Mode of reporting ( the units of measurement , the interpretative report , means for reporting , expert systems , etc. ) . Interpretation of the lab report ( predictive values , decision-making levels , sensitivity and diagnostic efficiency of laboratory tests ) ORGANIZATION OF LABORATORIE: The organization of work in clinical laboratory ; Risks , dangers and safety regulations ; medical and legal aspects ; Automation :computerization , robotization . EXAM - CYTOMETRIC BLOOD COUNT . The blood plasma and serum. The cellular component : CBC - cytometric examination . Blood count : diagnostic significance . Leukocytes . Platelets . The laboratory in the diagnostic evaluation of anemia . Nosologic classification of anemias . Alterations of leukocytes of white blood cell function disorders , quantitative alterations non-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases clonal leukocytes . Hemostasis and thrombosis. Functional evaluation of the biochemical mechanisms underlying hemostasis (vascular phase , coagulation , and fibrinolysis ). Laboratory parameters in the main hemostasis disorders . Thrombotic diathesis and bleeding diathesis . Pathology of hemostasis with bleeding diathesis . Clinical manifestations associated with hemostasis deficits . Thrombophilia . Evaluating primary hemostasis and relative reference values . Laboratory tests for evaluating secondary hemostasis . Evaluation of states of hyper - coagulation . CID ( clotting disseminated intra - vascular ) THE LABORATORY OF DISEASES AND PARATHYROIDS IN METABOLIC DISORDERS OF CALCIUM, PHOSPHATE AND MAGNESIUM THE LABORATORY IN RENAL IMPAIRMENT Urinalysis : Physical characteristics . Urinalysis : chemical characteristics . Microscopic examination of urinary sediment . Evaluation of renal function . Kidney failure THE LABORATORY IN LIVER DISEASE Liver function tests . Bilirubin and icterus. Serum protein indicator of liver injury . Hepatic insufficiency laboratory data . METABOLISM CARBOHYDRATE criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes . Criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes in pregnancy. Laboratory tests for the diagnosis of diabetes . Laboratory investigations for the monitoring of the diabetic patient . Screening for type 2 diabetes in asymptomatic subjects THE LABORATORY IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES . Atherosclerosis myocardial ischemia . Hyper - lipidemie Lipo - protein . Laboratory diagnosis of hyper - lipo - proteinemie . Biochemical markers of myocardial damage . EVALUATION OF RELEVANT ENDOCRINE ALTERATIONS ENDOCRINE GLANDS : Evaluation of functionality and of changes in the hypothalamic pituitary system ( GH , PRL , ACTH , ADH , oxytocin , FSH , LH , TSH , etc. ) . Physiologic evaluation of the thyroid gland and diagnostics of thyroid diseases laboratory: contribution to the evaluation axis hypothalamus / pituitary . Functional assessment of the parathyroid . Explorations of testicular and ovarian function through the evaluation of steroid hormones and their transport on the blood . Physiologic evaluation of the adrenal glands BIOMARKERS of INFLATOSIS and SEPSIS: Definition of inflammation. Acute phase proteins. (PCR, ESR) Definition of sepsis. Role of the laboratory in sepsis. Sepsis biomarkers (PCR, PCT)

Knowledge of general physiology and pathology, biochemistry and human anatomy is useful for the understanding of the course contents and the achievement of the learning objectives.

Medicina di Laboratorio Autore: Giorgio Federici, Editore: McGraw-Hill Italia Elementi di Biochimica Clinica e Medicina di Laboratorio Autore: Marcello Ciaccio Editore Edises Fondamenti di Medicina di Laboratorio Logica e patologia clinica Autori: Antonozzi-Gulletta, Editore: Piccin Medicina di Laboratorio - La diagnosi della malattia nel laboratorio clinico Autore: Laposata, Editore: Piccin

The examination consists in the oral discussion of topics explained through the course. The attendance at lessons, the reasoning skills and the ability to present the topics in a critical and exhaustive way will be considered for the final evaluation. The oral examination is scheduled at the end of the course.

The didactic model adopted consists of lectures with the use of slides in PowerPoint as a telematic support. The frequency of the course is optional even if strongly recommended