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LECTURES Standard industrial DICOM files • Definition of digital image. Type of digital image format. DICOM (Digital Imaging and COmmunications in Medicine) files as an acquisition format for medical diagnostic imaging devices. Storage, classification and management of DICOM images acquired from clinical radiological investigations (X-ray, CT, MRI). Technological aspects of RIS-PACS computerization systems in healthcare facilities. Grayscale Standard Display Function (GSDF) of reporting monitors. Computed axial tomography (CT) • Technological aspects of tomography with single-slice and multi-slice spiral acquisition modes. Notes on reconstruction techniques using linear algebraic algorithms (ART algorithms). Examples of artefacts. Beam Hardening artefact and correction methods. Segmentation techniques • Post processing techniques for discontinuity and similarity of tomographic images Binarization with local and global thresholding. Applications of segmentation techniques of edge detection, threshold, region growing, grow from seeds, region merging, region splitting, watershed. EXERCISES • Guest Lectures held by Professionals representing the Corporate and Public Entity sectors regarding examples of radiomic analysis, processing and latest-generation technology of diagnostic medical devices. • Setting for the reconstruction of the 3D model of anatomical districts and/or organs. Reconstruction techniques, such as volume rendering and surface rendering. Editing activities of anatomical 3D models. Outline of the protocol for virtual 3D printing in STL file format (STereo Lithography interface format).

The topics related to the Biomedical Instrumentation II exam are indispensable in order to understand the contents and achieve the learning objectives of the teaching.

TEXTBOOK and SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS • Lecture notes by the Teacher. • F.J. Rybicki, G. T. Grant. 3D Printing in Medicine. Springer International Publishing AG 2017.

The activities are organized in lectures, classroom exercises by group activities also supported by seminars related to specific topics of the DICOM image modeling procedure and 3D printing. The examination procedure is oral and involves the presentation of a 3D model elaborated with the corresponding virtual prototype for 3D printing.

frequency modality is optional.

In the training project the priority is represented by the presentation in the classroom of reports in reconstruction of 3D models of organs and/or specific anatomical sections for patients aimed at preoperative surgical planning. The examination procedure is oral.

• A. Marro, T. Bandukwala, W. Mak. Three Dimensional printing and Medical Imaging: A Review of the Methods and Applications. Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology. 45:2-9, 2016. • T.M. Bucking, E. R. Hill, J. L. Robertson, E. Maneas, A. A. Plumb, D. I. Nikitichev. From medical imaging data to 3D printed anatomical models. PLoS ONE 12(5): e0178540, 2017.

The activities are organized in lectures, classroom exercises by group activities also supported by seminars related to specific topics of the DICOM image modeling procedure and 3D printing. The examination procedure is oral and involves the presentation of a 3D model elaborated with the corresponding virtual prototype for 3D printing.

LECTURES Standard industrial DICOM files • Definition of digital image. Type of digital image format. DICOM (Digital Imaging and COmmunications in Medicine) files as an acquisition format for medical diagnostic imaging devices. Storage, classification and management of DICOM images acquired from clinical radiological investigations (X-ray, CT, MRI). Technological aspects of RIS-PACS computerization systems in healthcare facilities. Grayscale Standard Display Function (GSDF) of reporting monitors. Computed axial tomography (CT) • Technological aspects of tomography with single-slice and multi-slice spiral acquisition modes. Notes on reconstruction techniques using linear algebraic algorithms (ART algorithms). Examples of artefacts. Beam Hardening artefact and correction methods. Segmentation techniques • Post processing techniques for discontinuity and similarity of tomographic images Binarization with local and global thresholding. Applications of segmentation techniques of edge detection, threshold, region growing, grow from seeds, region merging, region splitting, watershed. EXERCISES • Guest Lectures held by Professionals representing the Corporate and Public Entity sectors regarding examples of radiomic analysis, processing and latest-generation technology of diagnostic medical devices. • Setting for the reconstruction of the 3D model of anatomical districts and/or organs. Reconstruction techniques, such as volume rendering and surface rendering. Editing activities of anatomical 3D models. Outline of the protocol for virtual 3D printing in STL file format (STereo Lithography interface format).

The topics related to the Biomedical Instrumentation II exam are indispensable in order to understand the contents and achieve the learning objectives of the teaching.

TEXTBOOK and SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS • Lecture notes by the Teacher. • F.J. Rybicki, G. T. Grant. 3D Printing in Medicine. Springer International Publishing AG 2017.

The activities are organized in lectures, classroom exercises by group activities also supported by seminars related to specific topics of the DICOM image modeling procedure and 3D printing. The examination procedure is oral and involves the presentation of a 3D model elaborated with the corresponding virtual prototype for 3D printing.

frequency modality is optional.

In the training project the priority is represented by the presentation in the classroom of reports in reconstruction of 3D models of organs and/or specific anatomical sections for patients aimed at preoperative surgical planning. The examination procedure is oral.

• A. Marro, T. Bandukwala, W. Mak. Three Dimensional printing and Medical Imaging: A Review of the Methods and Applications. Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology. 45:2-9, 2016. • T.M. Bucking, E. R. Hill, J. L. Robertson, E. Maneas, A. A. Plumb, D. I. Nikitichev. From medical imaging data to 3D printed anatomical models. PLoS ONE 12(5): e0178540, 2017.

The activities are organized in lectures, classroom exercises by group activities also supported by seminars related to specific topics of the DICOM image modeling procedure and 3D printing. The examination procedure is oral and involves the presentation of a 3D model elaborated with the corresponding virtual prototype for 3D printing.

LECTURES Standard industrial DICOM files • Definition of digital image. Type of digital image format. DICOM (Digital Imaging and COmmunications in Medicine) files as an acquisition format for medical diagnostic imaging devices. Storage, classification and management of DICOM images acquired from clinical radiological investigations (X-ray, CT, MRI). Technological aspects of RIS-PACS computerization systems in healthcare facilities. Grayscale Standard Display Function (GSDF) of reporting monitors. Computed axial tomography (CT) • Technological aspects of tomography with single-slice and multi-slice spiral acquisition modes. Notes on reconstruction techniques using linear algebraic algorithms (ART algorithms). Examples of artefacts. Beam Hardening artefact and correction methods. Segmentation techniques • Post processing techniques for discontinuity and similarity of tomographic images Binarization with local and global thresholding. Applications of segmentation techniques of edge detection, threshold, region growing, grow from seeds, region merging, region splitting, watershed. EXERCISES • Guest Lectures held by Professionals representing the Corporate and Public Entity sectors regarding examples of radiomic analysis, processing and latest-generation technology of diagnostic medical devices. • Setting for the reconstruction of the 3D model of anatomical districts and/or organs. Reconstruction techniques, such as volume rendering and surface rendering. Editing activities of anatomical 3D models. Outline of the protocol for virtual 3D printing in STL file format (STereo Lithography interface format).

The topics related to the Biomedical Instrumentation II exam are indispensable in order to understand the contents and achieve the learning objectives of the teaching.

TEXTBOOK and SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS • Lecture notes by the Teacher. • F.J. Rybicki, G. T. Grant. 3D Printing in Medicine. Springer International Publishing AG 2017.

The activities are organized in lectures, classroom exercises by group activities also supported by seminars related to specific topics of the DICOM image modeling procedure and 3D printing. The examination procedure is oral and involves the presentation of a 3D model elaborated with the corresponding virtual prototype for 3D printing.

frequency modality is optional.

In the training project the priority is represented by the presentation in the classroom of reports in reconstruction of 3D models of organs and/or specific anatomical sections for patients aimed at preoperative surgical planning. The examination procedure is oral.

• A. Marro, T. Bandukwala, W. Mak. Three Dimensional printing and Medical Imaging: A Review of the Methods and Applications. Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology. 45:2-9, 2016. • T.M. Bucking, E. R. Hill, J. L. Robertson, E. Maneas, A. A. Plumb, D. I. Nikitichev. From medical imaging data to 3D printed anatomical models. PLoS ONE 12(5): e0178540, 2017.

The activities are organized in lectures, classroom exercises by group activities also supported by seminars related to specific topics of the DICOM image modeling procedure and 3D printing. The examination procedure is oral and involves the presentation of a 3D model elaborated with the corresponding virtual prototype for 3D printing.