ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION

Course objectives

GENERAL The aim of the course is to provide students with practical skills for carrying out functional and compliance tests on electronic devices in general and, in particular, on medical electrical equipment. Furthermore, the course aims to provide the basic information allowing to understand what are the main electrical quantities measurable on the human body, what are their clinical and diagnostic applications, and how medical electrical equipment devoted to their measurement is designed. SPECIFIC KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING. The course aims at providing the basic knowledge needed to perform electrical and electronic measurements, with particular emphasis on measurements relevant to the biomedical field. Specific emphasis is given to measurement for electronic device testing and to electro-physiological measurements. The most recent measurement techniques based on impedance spectroscopy are discussed. APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING. The theoretical part of the course is completed and complemented by a series of laboratory experiments which allows the student to put into practice the concepts learnt and to acquire the fundamental skills for developing simple electrical medical instruments and for performing the basic measurements encountered in the field of biomedical engineering. Moreover, the basic concepts concerning the programming and management of virtual instrumentation are applied, developing user interfaces for processing and presentation of physiological signals. MAKING JUDGEMENTS. Laboratory activities aim at allowing the student to make autonomous judgements; the actual autonomy reached by the student is assessed by means of a specific practical session during the final examination. The student gets acquainted with solving new problems in realistic experimental scenarios. COMMUNICATION SKILLS. The experimental activities include group work, which enhances the student communication skills and interaction capabilities. The oral examination enhances the student capabilities to communicate his/her knowledge. Moreover, student must redact a written technical report concerning the development of a biomedical instrument. LEARNING SKILLS. The didactic paradigm of the course urges the student to autonomously acquire new technical knowledge, related to the course syllabus, mainly as a result of the problem solving approach of experimental activities. The teaching material, reach of literature references, develops autonomous study capabilities.

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EMANUELE PIUZZI Lecturers' profile

Program - Frequency - Exams

Course program
Fundamentals of metrology: measurement uncertainty and its evaluation; uncertainty components for digital instruments. Fundamentals of electronics: operational amplifiers; instrumentation amplifiers; oscillators; active filters; rail splitters. Automatic test equipment: basics of ATE systems; LabVIEW programming; uncertainty evaluation by means of the "Monte Carlo" method. Electrical impedance measurements: impedance and admittance; LCR meters. Bio-impedance measurements: models of the body impedance; electrical model of the electrodes; biomedical applications; impedance plethysmography; safe injected current limits; practical schemes of bio-impedance analyzers. Electrical signal measurements: analog-to-digital conversion; digital storage oscilloscopes and their structure; real-time spectrum analyzers; DFT and FFT. Bio-potential measurements: bio-potentials and their origins; electro-cardiogram; practical schemes of an electrocardiograph. Laboratory experiments with digital multimeters. Laboratory experiments with digital oscilloscopes, active filters and instrumentation amplifiers. Implementation of virtual instruments in LabVIEW environment. Practical realization of an impedance plethysmograph. Practical realization of an electrocardiograph.
Prerequisites
Required: knowledge about the main op-amp based electronic circuits. Important: measurement basic principles. Useful: fundamentals of probability and random variables. Useful: basic programming skills.
Books
Teaching and didactic material Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM), International vocabulary of metrology - Basic and general concepts and associated terms Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM), Evaluation of measurement data - Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM), Evaluation of measurement data - Supplement 1 to the "Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement" - Propagation of distributions using a Monte Carlo method John G. Webster, Measurement, instrumentation and sensors handbook, CRC Press Agilent Technologies, Impedance measurement handbook Joseph D. Bronzino, The biomedical engineering handbook, CRC Press John G. Webster, Medical instrumentation: application and design John G. Webster, Electrical impedance tomography
Teaching mode
Classroom lectures and laboratory activities
Frequency
Attending laboratory sessions is strongly recommended. A group work must be carried out in the lab at the end of the course.
Exam mode
The examination is subdivided into three parts: - development of a simple biomedical instrument; - laboratory experiment; - oral discussion.
Lesson mode
Classroom lectures and laboratory activities
EMANUELE PIUZZI Lecturers' profile

Program - Frequency - Exams

Course program
Fundamentals of metrology: measurement uncertainty and its evaluation; uncertainty components for digital instruments. Fundamentals of electronics: operational amplifiers; instrumentation amplifiers; oscillators; active filters; rail splitters. Automatic test equipment: basics of ATE systems; LabVIEW programming; uncertainty evaluation by means of the "Monte Carlo" method. Electrical impedance measurements: impedance and admittance; LCR meters. Bio-impedance measurements: models of the body impedance; electrical model of the electrodes; biomedical applications; impedance plethysmography; safe injected current limits; practical schemes of bio-impedance analyzers. Electrical signal measurements: analog-to-digital conversion; digital storage oscilloscopes and their structure; real-time spectrum analyzers; DFT and FFT. Bio-potential measurements: bio-potentials and their origins; electro-cardiogram; practical schemes of an electrocardiograph. Laboratory experiments with digital multimeters. Laboratory experiments with digital oscilloscopes, active filters and instrumentation amplifiers. Implementation of virtual instruments in LabVIEW environment. Practical realization of an impedance plethysmograph. Practical realization of an electrocardiograph.
Prerequisites
Required: knowledge about the main op-amp based electronic circuits. Important: measurement basic principles. Useful: fundamentals of probability and random variables. Useful: basic programming skills.
Books
Teaching and didactic material Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM), International vocabulary of metrology - Basic and general concepts and associated terms Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM), Evaluation of measurement data - Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM), Evaluation of measurement data - Supplement 1 to the "Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement" - Propagation of distributions using a Monte Carlo method John G. Webster, Measurement, instrumentation and sensors handbook, CRC Press Agilent Technologies, Impedance measurement handbook Joseph D. Bronzino, The biomedical engineering handbook, CRC Press John G. Webster, Medical instrumentation: application and design John G. Webster, Electrical impedance tomography
Teaching mode
Classroom lectures and laboratory activities
Frequency
Attending laboratory sessions is strongly recommended. A group work must be carried out in the lab at the end of the course.
Exam mode
The examination is subdivided into three parts: - development of a simple biomedical instrument; - laboratory experiment; - oral discussion.
Lesson mode
Classroom lectures and laboratory activities
  • Lesson code1044341
  • Academic year2025/2026
  • CourseBiomedical Engineering
  • CurriculumMedicina computazionale
  • Year1st year
  • Semester1st semester
  • SSDING-INF/07
  • CFU6