Course program
Recalls on vector algebra and analysis, differential operators, principal theorems.
Maxwell equations. Constitutive relations of material media. Boundary conditions. Poynting theorem. Unicity theorem.
Recalls on complex quantities, phasors, Fourier transform. Vector polarization. Maxwell equations, constitutive relations and boundary conditions in the frequency domain. Lorentz model of a dispersive dielectric. Poynting theorem and unicity theorem in the frequency domain, properties of characteristic tensors for anisotropic media.
(18 hours)
Wave equation. Homogeneous Helmholtz equation, solution for separation of variables, wave functions, plane waves. Non-homogeneous Helmholtz equation, electrodynamic potentials.
(12 hours)
General properties of plane waves, plane waves in lossless media. TEM, TE, TM plane waves, impedance relations, Poynting vector. Plane-wave spectra, radiation from an aperture. Non-monochromatic plane waves, beat velocity, group velocity of a wave-packet.
(12 hours)
Reflection and refraction of plane waves. Normal incidence, reflection and transmission coefficients for electric and magnetic fields, reflection from a perfect conductor. Oblique incidence, polarization decomposition. Horizontal polarization, reflection and transmission coefficients. Vertical polarization, reflection and transmission coefficients, Brewster angle. Total reflection. Reflection and refraction from a good conductor.
(12 hours)
Transmission lines. Telegraphist equations, primary and secondary constants. Impedance, admittance and reflection coefficient. Standing-wave ratio. Antireflecting layers.
(12 hours)
Guided electromagnetic propagation. Decomposition of Maxwell equations and Helmholtz equation in longitudinal and transverse parts. TE, TM and TEM waves and relevant boundary conditions. Bidimensional Helholtz equation as an eigenvalue problem, recalls on functional analysis, properties of operator transverse Laplacian. The rectangular metallic waveguide, TE and TM modes, field configuration of the dominant mode. Circular wave guide and coaxial cable, TE and TM modes. The TEM mode in the coaxial cable. Cavity resonators, resonant modes, cylindrical resonator. Electromagnetic fields in planar bidimensional structures. Solutions of Helmholtz equation for planar structures, characteristic equation, discrete spectrum of guided modes, dispersion diagrams. Introduction to optical fibers.
(12 hours)
Electromagnetic field produced by given impressed currents. Statement of the problem, solution through Green function. Computation of Green function for Helmholtz equation in free space, boundary conditions at infinity; presence of metallic bodies. Electromagnetic field radiated by an elementary dipole, field components in far zone. Dual case of an elementary magnetic dipole.
(12 hours)
Prerequisites
Knowledge of the contents of the courses of mathematical analysis, general physics, circuit theory, signal theory.
Books
F. Frezza, A primer on electromagnetic fields, Springer, Roma, 2015.
Materials from lessons and exercises, available in the Course Moodle area (https://elearning.uniroma1.it/course/view.php?id=7156).
Teaching mode
The principal teaching method will be frontal lessons. Moreover, exercises are scheduled to apply the theoretical knowledge acquired. If possible, seminars and guided visits will be scheduled.
Frequency
Oral exam
Exam mode
The exam will take place by an oral test, after the end of the course and for the duration of maximum one hour, in which the questions aim at verifying the acquisition of the concepts and methodologies discussed during the lessons, with reference to the objectives, and in particular to: the understanding of the concepts transmitted during the lessons relevant to basic electromagnetics topics of greatest relevance; the students’ capability of autonomous learning, formulating autonomous evaluations related to the importance of the treated topics in electromagnetic applications; the communication skills shown.
Bibliography
G. Franceschetti, Electromagnetics: Theory, Techniques, and Engineering Paradigms, 2nd edn. (Springer, Berlin, 2013)
C.G. Someda, Electromagnetic Waves, 2nd edn. (CRC, Boca Raton, 2006)
J.D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, 3rd edn. (Wiley, New York, 1999)
S. Ramo, J.R. Whinnery, T. Van Duzer, Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics, 3rd edn. (Wiley, New York, 1994)
C.A. Balanis, Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics, 2nd edn. (Wiley, New York, 2012)
R.F. Harrington, Time-Harmonic Electromagnetic Fields (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1961)
Lesson mode
The principal teaching method will be frontal lessons. Moreover, exercises are scheduled to apply the theoretical knowledge acquired. If possible, seminars and guided visits will be scheduled.
