Medicine and Surgery

Students must know the evolution of the medical thought and of the scientific methodology from the origins of Western medicine to nowadays, including the history of medical genetics and experimental and methodological approaches to genetics, the history of medical experimentation on living subjects and on lab animals and the main characteristics of medical experimental method. Students must know the principles and models of bioethics, the birth and development of the bioethical debate with particular attention to the definition of doctor-patient communication/relationship (especially under a psychological perspective); the application of the principle of autonomy in exceptional medical contexts, such as those exemplified by clinical genetics and experimental medicine. Students must also understand and know the main application fields of occupational medicine and the concept of risk factor and the methods of hygiene and preventive medicine.