Dental School

INORGANIC COMPONENTS: water, bioelements (bulk and trace elements), biological buffers. AMINO ACID AND PEPTIDES: Amino acids: classification, acid-base properties. Peptides: peptide bond, oligopeptides and polypeptides, glutathione. PROTEINS: Protein structure: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure, protein denaturation. Globular and fibrous proteins. Hemoprotein: haemoglobin and transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Myoglobin. Collagen. Blood plasma proteins: electrophoresis analysis. Immunoglobulins. Enzymes: general characteristics, classification, enzyme kinetics, catalytic mechanisms and regulation of enzymatic activity. Inhibitors. Coenzymes. Isoenzymes. CARBOHYDRATES: Definition and biochemical role. Monosaccharides. Disaccharides: sucrose, maltose, lactose. Polysaccharides: glycogen, starch, cellulose. Mucopolysaccharides. Glycoproteins and proteoglycans. LIPIDS: Definition and biochemical role. Fatty acids: saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Arachidonic acids and its derivatives. Triacylglycerols. Phospholipids. Cholesterol and its derivatives (steroids hormones, vitamin D, bile salts). Lipoproteins. Biological membranes. NUCLEOTIDES AND NUCLEIC ACIDS: Components: pentoses, heterocyclic nitrogenous bases, nucleotides. DNA and RNA: structure and functions of the informational macromolecules. DNA replication. RNA synthesis, processing, and regulation. Gene expression in eukaryotes. RNA processing in eukaryotes. Mechanism of protein synthesis. VITAMINS: Structure and functions, water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins. Nutritional needs. Hypovitaminosis and hypervitaminosis. Free radicals and antioxidants. BIOENERGETICS: ATP and other high-energy compounds. Respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Inhibitors and uncoupling agents of cellular respiration. Biological oxidation-reduction reactions. METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATES: Digestion and absorption. Anaerobic and aerobic glycolysis. Oxidation of pyruvate. Krebs citric acid cycle. Glycogenolysis and glycogen synthesis. Gluconeogenesis. Pentose phosphate pathway. Anaplerotic reactions. METABOLISM OF LIPIDS: Digestion and absorption. Catabolism of fatty acids. Metabolism of propionylCoA. Formation of ketone bodies and ketone bodies. Biosynthesis of fatty acids, triacylglycerols and phospholipids. Biosynthesis and catabolism of cholesterol. Lipoproteins and lipid transport. METABOLISM OF PROTEINS: Digestion and absorption. Proteolytic enzymes. Intracellular degradation of proteins: proteasome. Post-translational modifications of proteins. Metabolism of amino acids: transamination, deamination, and decarboxylation reactions. Biogenic amines. Metabolism of phenylalanine, tryptophan and methionine. Urea cycle. Biosynthesis and catabolism of heme: bilirubin. METABOLISM OF NUCLEOTIDES: Catabolism of purine bases: uric acid. HORMONES: Chemistry, properties and mechanism of action. Receptors. Signal transduction and second messengers. Hormonal regulation of glycaemia. Hormonal regulation of mineral metabolism (calcium and phosphorus). TOPICS OF HUMAN BIOCHEMISTRY: Blood clotting. Metabolism of xenobiotics and cytochrome P450. Energy and nutritional needs. BIOCHEMICAL METHODS: Chromatography. Electrophoresis. Spectrometry. Fluorometry. Recombinant DNA techniques.

INORGANIC COMPONENTS: water, bioelements (bulk and trace elements), biological buffers. AMINO ACID AND PEPTIDES: Amino acids: classification, acid-base properties. Peptides: peptide bond, oligopeptides and polypeptides, glutathione. PROTEINS: Protein structure: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure, protein denaturation. Globular and fibrous proteins. Hemoprotein: haemoglobin and transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Myoglobin. Collagen. Blood plasma proteins: electrophoresis analysis. Immunoglobulins. Enzymes: general characteristics, classification, enzyme kinetics, catalytic mechanisms and regulation of enzymatic activity. Inhibitors. Coenzymes. Isoenzymes. CARBOHYDRATES: Definition and biochemical role. Monosaccharides. Disaccharides: sucrose, maltose, lactose. Polysaccharides: glycogen, starch, cellulose. Mucopolysaccharides. Glycoproteins and proteoglycans. LIPIDS: Definition and biochemical role. Fatty acids: saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Arachidonic acids and its derivatives. Triacylglycerols. Phospholipids. Cholesterol and its derivatives (steroids hormones, vitamin D, bile salts). Lipoproteins. Biological membranes. NUCLEOTIDES AND NUCLEIC ACIDS: Components: pentoses, heterocyclic nitrogenous bases, nucleotides. DNA and RNA: structure and functions of the informational macromolecules. DNA replication. RNA synthesis, processing, and regulation. Gene expression in eukaryotes. RNA processing in eukaryotes. Mechanism of protein synthesis.

Knowledge acquired by attending the Course of Medical Chemistry, scheduled during the first year of the Course of Studies in Dentistry and Dental Prosthetics

Nelson, Cox I PRINCIPI DI BIOCHIMICA DI LEHNINGER. Zanichelli ISBN 9788808261489 Siliprandi e Tettamanti BIOCHIMICA MEDICA Piccin ISBN 9788829917501 Tymoczko, Berg Stryer PRINICIPI DI BIOCHIMICA. Zanichelli ISBN 9788808062536 Lieberman, Marks MARKS BIOCHIMICA MEDICA. Casa Editrice Ambrosiana ISBN 9788808182173

Face-to-face lessons

Presence is mandatory as stated by "paragrafo 4.5 del Regolamento del Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Odontoiatria e Protesi Dentaria". The presence is verified by signature. The attestation of attendance to the didactic activities of a teaching course is necessary for the student to take the related exam.

To pass the exam it is necessary to achieve a grade of not less than 18/30 in each module. The student must demonstrate that he has acquired a sufficient knowledge of the topics of structural biochemistry, a basic knowledge of the topics of metabolic biochemistry and that he is able to recognize and describe the molecular structure of the main biomolecules. To achieve a score of 30/30 cum laude, the student must instead demonstrate that he has acquired an excellent knowledge of all the topics covered during the course, being able to connect them in a logical and coherent way.

Face-to-face lessons