Orthopaedics techniques

1. Definition of health 2. Hippocrates and the birth of rational medicine. The Oath and the fundamental principles of medical ethics 3. The doctor–patient relationship, from the classical age to the modern era 4. The principle of autonomy and self-determination 5. Informed consent. The legal foundations of consent. The conditions for valid consent; exceptions to consent; state of necessity; consent for minors and incapacitated persons. Compulsory health treatment (TSO). Disclosure of information to third parties. Law no. 219 and Advance Healthcare Directives (Living Wills) 6. The evolution of the concept of health throughout history. Ethics and health. Prevention. The right to health in the Constitution, Article 32. Refusal of treatment 7. Doctor–patient communication. Barriers to communication. The biomedical model and the bio-psychosocial model 8. The birth of Bioethics. Ethical orientation models 9. Definition and determination of death. End of life and current legislation. Euthanasia and therapeutic obstinacy (futile treatment) 10. Medically assisted procreation. Law no. 40/2004 and Constitutional Court rulings

Study materials and instructions will be provided during the lessons.