Medicine and Surgery

Educational objectives

Specific teaching objectives of the HUMAN ANATOMY I course:
Be able to:
Study and recognition of skeletal segments, anatomical models and muscular regions at the autopsy table,
Study and recognition of the macroscopic morphology and structure of the heart,
Integration with the Clinical Area through clinical and surgical anatomy seminars.

Educational objectives

Specific teaching objectives of the HUMAN ANATOMY I course:
Be able to:
Study and recognition of skeletal segments, anatomical models and muscular regions at the autopsy table,
Study and recognition of the macroscopic morphology and structure of the heart,
Integration with the Clinical Area through clinical and surgical anatomy seminars.

Educational objectives

Learning outcomes BIOLOGY (I):
Knowledge and understanding of the correlation between structure and function of biological macro-molecules, in particular of proteins and nucleic acids.
Knowledge of the mechanisms controlling the acquisition of protein functional conformations and understanding of the pathological implication of their dysfunction.
Knowledge of the molecular mechanism of DNA replication and of mutagenesis.
Understanding the pathological implication of the DNA repair mechanisms impairment.

Educational objectives

Learning outcomes BIOLOGY (I):
Knowledge and understanding of the correlation between structure and function of biological macro-molecules, in particular of proteins and nucleic acids.
Knowledge of the mechanisms controlling the acquisition of protein functional conformations and understanding of the pathological implication of their dysfunction.
Knowledge of the molecular mechanism of DNA replication and of mutagenesis.
Understanding the pathological implication of the DNA repair mechanisms impairment.

Educational objectives

Learning outcomes GENETICS (I):
Knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of the genetic material and of its transmission.
Knowledge of the mendelian genetics and the chromosomal basis of inheritance.
Ability to identify the right procedures to solve simple genetic problems and to formulate hypothesis on the genetic transmision, in terms of dominance and recessivity.
Understanding of the potentiality and limits of the new DNA technologies and of the -omic sciences (in particular genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics).
Describe the principles that regulate the transmission of Mendelian disorders in humans.
Describe the phenomena that complicate the transmission of Mendelian disorders in humans.
Recognize the mode of inheritance of Mendelian disorders in human pedigrees.
Calculate simple recurrence risk for Mendelian disorders in human pedigrees.

Educational objectives

At the end of the course the student must:
- Have a basic understanding of the chemistry and structures of biochemical macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
- Know the chemical bases of pathophysiological processes
- Know how to set out, in molecular terms, simple biomedical issues.
- Be aware of the importance of the conceptual tools of chemistry in the cultural education of the doctor
- Learn how to solve basic problems by addressing the solutions and their properties.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

Know: learn some fundamentals of general physics.
Know how: enable the student to solve simple problems quantitatively.
Knowing: understanding the physics underlying some medical physics topics.
Enable the student both to solve quantitatively simple problems and to understand some topics in Medical Physics.
NB: To be able to follow this course, knowledge of the elementary notions of Physics and Mathematics is required.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

Knowing how to acquire a method and culture appropriate to theoretical-practical training based on scientific bases and on a human relationship. Know the main stages of the evolution of medical thought also in the perspective of multicultural comparison. Know the origin, evolution and current use of the main terms in use in medicine and be able to explain the conceptual implications.

Educational objectives

The aim of the course is to provide students to understand and apply knowledge in the medical field, in clinical practice and research, the main concepts and tools of medical statistics.
At the end of the course, students will have acquired a good knowledge related to the terminology used in the field of statistical-epidemiological. They will be able to use the right tools as appropriate methodological and statistical models necessary to assess the reliability of the collected data and to perform analysis of interest, integrating the acquired clinical experience with careful and critical analysis of the medical literature.

Educational objectives

Knowing how to acquire a method and culture appropriate to theoretical-practical training based on scientific bases and on a human relationship. Know the main stages of the evolution of medical thought also in the perspective of multicultural comparison. Know the origin, evolution and current use of the main terms in use in medicine and be able to explain the conceptual implications.

Educational objectives

At the end of the course the student must:
acquire an appropriate method and culture for a theoretical-practical training based on scientific bases and on a human relationship. To know the main stages of the evolution of medical thought also from a multicultural perspective. To know the origin, evolution and current use of the main terms used in medicine and learn to explain the conceptual implications achieve a method and an appropriate culture for a theoretical-practical training based on scientific bases,
be aware of the variability inherent in biological, clinical and instrumental data;
be aware of the usefulness of the statistical methodology for the synthesis and understanding of bio-medical phenomena.
Knowing how to establish a collaboration with the various professional figures in group work respecting the various autonomies.
Be able to establish a therapeutic alliance with the patient and apply the principle of "taking care of". Establish a relationship with the patient, his family members, care staff and other colleagues involved in the diagnostic-therapeutic program.

The final exam consists of an oral test with discussion of the scheduled topics.

Educational objectives

To teach the biochemical bases of vital phenomena and provide the knowledge aimed towards interpreting those pathologies that may have alterations of biochemical processes such as etiology and pathogenesis.
Acquire the knowledge of Biochemical Methodology relating to principles on which the techniques commonly used in biochemical research and the methods used in clinical analysis laboratory are based.
BIOCHEMISTRY I
Knowledge of the structure and of the relationships between structure and function of the main macromolecules.
Knowledge of the principles on which common techniques of biochemical research and methods employed in clinical laboratory analysis are based.
BIOCHEMISTRY II
Provide the biochemical basis of biological phenomena and the knowhow to evaluate pathological settings connected to alteration of biochemical processes.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

The student is able to connect the results of laboratory analyzes with the different clinical pictures related to the analyses, with particular reference to systemic pathologies.

Educational objectives

To teach the biochemical bases of vital phenomena and provide the knowledge aimed towards interpreting those pathologies that may have alterations of biochemical processes such as etiology and pathogenesis.
Acquire the knowledge of Biochemical Methodology relating to principles on which the techniques commonly used in biochemical research and the methods used in clinical analysis laboratory are based.
BIOCHEMISTRY I
Knowledge of the structure and of the relationships between structure and function of the main macromolecules.
Knowledge of the principles on which common techniques of biochemical research and methods employed in clinical laboratory analysis are based.
BIOCHEMISTRY II
Provide the biochemical basis of biological phenomena and the knowhow to evaluate pathological settings connected to alteration of biochemical processes.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

To know the relationship between structure and function in the tissues and organogenesis. To know how to identify and describe the histological structure of a microscope slide.
To know the methodological and experimental aspects of histology and human embryology, as well as their present and future value in the biomedical applications and physiopathology.
To learn the microscopical and sub-microscopical morphological characteristics of the cells and tissues of human body. To learn the morphogenetic processes underlying the body organization during embryo development.

The final exam consists of an oral test with discussion of the scheduled topics.

Educational objectives

Learning outcomes BIOLOGY (I):
Knowledge and understanding of the correlation between structure and function of biological macro-molecules, in particular of proteins and nucleic acids.
Knowledge of the mechanisms controlling the acquisition of protein functional conformations and understanding of the pathological implication of their dysfunction.
Knowledge of the molecular mechanism of DNA replication and of mutagenesis.
Understanding the pathological implication of the DNA repair mechanisms impairment.

Educational objectives

Learning outcomes:
Knowledge and understanding of molecular mechanisms controlling the informational flux in eukaryotic cells, from the transcription to the translation and posttraslational events.
Knowledge and understanding of the structure and integrated functions of eucaryotic cell compartments (from plasmacellular membrane to cytoscheleton, nuclear membrane and endomembranes).
Knowledge of the molecula mechanisms controlling cell cycle, cell death and cell differentiation.
Acquisition of the concepts of protooncogene, oncogene and oncosuppressor gene.
Knowledge of the main molecular cell signalings transducing several extracellular stimuli.

Educational objectives

Learning outcomes
-Understanding and using of the experimental methods in scientific research.
-Acquisition of a general and integrated vision of the various cell compartment in terms of structure and function, of the molecular bases of this and of the control mechanisms.
-Knowledge of the molecular basis of the cell/cell and cell/extracellular environment crosstalk, understanding of how the cell is able to respond to different environmental stimuli in metabolic, differentiative, proliferative, apoptotic terms.
- Knowledge of the methods of transmission and expression of genetic information.
-Understanding of the etiopathology of the diseases of which the altered molecular mechanism (or the genetic basis) has been described and capacity to associate the alterations of biological mechanisms to as many pathological phenotypes.
- Capacity to solve simple problems of medical genetics in terms of transmission of hereditary characters and calculation of probability of phenotypic expression in the progeny.
- Acquisition of a critical judgment capacity on the technologies of manipulation and study of DNA and on the main biotechnological tools in order to solve diagnostic and therapeutic problems.

The final exam consists of an oral test with discussion of the scheduled topics.

Educational objectives

Knowing how to acquire a method and culture appropriate to theoretical-practical training based on scientific bases and on a human relationship. Know the main stages of the evolution of medical thought also in the perspective of multicultural comparison. Know the origin, evolution and current use of the main terms in use in medicine and be able to explain the conceptual implications.

Educational objectives

At the end of the course the student must know how to use the methods oriented to information, communication and health education and be able to recognize the main risk factors as a cause of social disease and to identify the characteristics of different human groups. They must be students particularly careful to the relational, educational, social and ethical aspects involved in prevention and future physicians professionally consistent with the WHO health objectives.

Educational objectives

At the end of the course the student must know and know how to apply the foundations of general psychology necessary for the analysis of behavior and its characteristics and must know the basic elements relevant to the way in which the person is in relation with others and his/her environment.

Educational objectives

To know the concept of health and disease in relation to the living and working environment. To know the basics of the health promotion interventions. To know the natural history of diseases and the levels of prevention. To know the basic models of the health systems and the bases of health organization in Italy.

To know the principles of environmental hygiene. To know the definitions of environment and environmental matrices. Knowledge of the main risk factors of exposure for humans.

Educational objectives

Use of medical databases and reading scientific articles.

Educational objectives

The student is allowed to choose one or more courses offered within any first cycle degree program at Sapienza, provided that they are coherent with his learning path.

Educational objectives

Specific teaching objectives of the HUMAN ANATOMY I course:
Be able to:
Study and recognition of skeletal segments, anatomical models and muscular regions at the autopsy table,
Study and recognition of the macroscopic morphology and structure of the heart,
Integration with the Clinical Area through clinical and surgical anatomy seminars.

Educational objectives

HUMAN ANATOMY II specific teaching objectives:
To be able to:
­ autoptic identification of the organs,
­ microscopic examination and diagnosis of the structure of the organs,
­ Clinical integration through clinical and surgery anatomy seminars.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the technological elements useful for interaction with the musculoskeletal system and their possible applications in the clinical field.

Educational objectives

To teach the biochemical bases of vital phenomena and provide the knowledge aimed towards interpreting those pathologies that may have alterations of biochemical processes such as etiology and pathogenesis.
Acquire the knowledge of Biochemical Methodology relating to principles on which the techniques commonly used in biochemical research and the methods used in clinical analysis laboratory are based.
BIOCHEMISTRY I
Knowledge of the structure and of the relationships between structure and function of the main macromolecules.
Knowledge of the principles on which common techniques of biochemical research and methods employed in clinical laboratory analysis are based.
BIOCHEMISTRY II
Provide the biochemical basis of biological phenomena and the knowhow to evaluate pathological settings connected to alteration of biochemical processes.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

Molecular bases of biochemical processes involved in the energy and glucidic metabolism, together with the metabolism of aminoacids (and their derivatives).

Molecular bases of biochemical processes involved in the lipidic and heme metabolism and their regulation.

Educational objectives

Molecular mechanisms of cellular signaling and regulation controlling the central metabolic pathways.

Educational objectives

At the end of the course, the student must be able to describe how the various organs of the human body work, their dynamic integration into all apparatus and the general mechanisms of control in physiological conditions. The Course of Physiology aims to provide the student with the premises necessary for understanding pathophysiology and pathology.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

Objectives:
At the end of the course, students will have to know the physiological basis of excitable cells, muscle physiology, as well as heart and respiratory system. The study of these systems will be carried out considering their adaptations in response to variations in internal and external environment of the organism.

Specific objectives:
1. Knowledge and understanding
Students will have to show knowledge of general functioning, feedback regulation systems and the main molecular and cellular mechanisms target of pharmacological treatments of the muscular, cardiac and respiratory systems.

2. Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
Students will have to show that they are able to apply the knowledge acquired to predict the most relevant relationships between the cardiac, respiratory and muscular systems to maintain homeostasis and the main consequences of functional alterations in an integrated view.

3. Autonomy of judgment
The lessons will be interactive. The teacher will ask continuous questions to students to stimulate the critical sense and integrate their previous knowledge. These questions will also serve to induce students to establish links between the notions acquired during the lessons in an integrated and critical view of Human Physiology.

4. Communication skills
The ability of students and female students to present the topics covered in the program with appropriate terms and speeches will be carefully evaluated. They will have to be able to describe the topics covered in an orderly and organically way, managing both to give a detailed view of the functioning of the physiological systems studied and an overall view of the relationship between them.

5. Learning skills
Students will be taught to critically integrate and memorize the most important notions derived from multiple sources of study, including those received in class and those read in the recommended texts and resources available on the WEB and in scientific literature.

Educational objectives

The student must know the development of medical, scientific and humanistic thinking in relation to a medicine based on logical reasoning and the clinical method.
In particular, the student must know: the epistemology as the foundation of the logical reasoning applied to clinical cases and correlated with medical ethics; the history and physical examination in the clinical approach in medicine; the collection of clinical data in medical record; the epidemiological and statistical study of diseases; genetic diseases and the new frontiers of genetics in medicine; clinical bioethics and human sciences in medicine; the health as a primary good of man and society; the doctor-patient relationship and the narrative medicine.

The student may be assessed with an intermediate test relating to the topics of preclinical medical scientific methodology I. The assessment test will take place through an oral exam. The mark obtained out of thirty will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the preclinical medical scientific methodology II.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

MMS Pre CLinica (II)
• First aid: recognizing vital signs
• Learning cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• The basics of physical examination of the heart, the thorax and the abdomen
• Dressing and suturing a cutaneous wound

The final exam consists of an oral test with discussion of the scheduled topics.

Educational objectives

In the course of medical genetics will be analyzed Mendel and the birth of genetics; the methodological and experimental approaches of genetic diseases; hereditary and multifactorial diseases; genetic tests.

Educational objectives

To acquire an appropriate method and culture for a theoretical-practical training based on scientific bases and on a human relationship. To know the main stages of the evolution of medical thought also from a multicultural perspective. To know the origin, evolution and current use of the main terms used in medicine and learn to explain the conceptual implications.

Educational objectives

The ability to obtain a good medical history and a good physical examination of the patient is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of the patient. It is important to have an adequate ability to report the doctor with the patient and family members. It is necessary to evaluate the close relationship between person, health, bioethics, genetics, epidemiology, medical history and objective examination of the patient. It is important to know the clinical method and how to write the medical record.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of IT tools useful for managing and taking charge of patients.

Educational objectives

The student is allowed to choose one or more courses offered within any first cycle degree program at Sapienza, provided that they are coherent with his learning path.

Educational objectives

Specific teaching objectives of the HUMAN ANATOMY I course:
Be able to:
Study and recognition of skeletal segments, anatomical models and muscular regions at the autopsy table,
Study and recognition of the macroscopic morphology and structure of the heart,
Integration with the Clinical Area through clinical and surgical anatomy seminars.

Educational objectives

HUMAN ANATOMY III specific teaching objectives:
- To be able to:
­ Central Nervous system: dissection and recognition of macroscopic and microscopic structures.
­ Peripheral Nervous system: special senses, skin and its appendages: dissection and recognition of macroscopic and microscopic structures,
­ Endocrine system: recognition of microscopic structures,
­ Clinical integration through clinical and surgery anatomy seminars.

Educational objectives

At the end of the course, the student must be able to describe how the various organs of the human body work, their dynamic integration into all apparatus and the general mechanisms of control in physiological conditions. The Course of Physiology aims to provide the student with the premises necessary for understanding pathophysiology and pathology.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

Objectives:
By the end of the course, students should know the physiological basis of the renal system, human nutrition as well as the gastrointestinal system, the endocrine-reproductive system, and the sensory and motor systems. The study of these systems will be carried out by considering their adaptations in response to changes in the environment inside and outside the body. By the end of the course, students should know the physiological basis of thermoregulation and higher functions (sleep-wake regulation, perception and memory; motivation and executive functions).The study of these systems will be carried out by considering their adaptations in response to changes in the environment inside and outside the organism.

Specific learning outcomes:
1. Knowledge and understanding
The students should show knowledge of the general functioning, feedback regulatory systems, and major molecular and cellular mechanisms targeted by pharmacological treatments of the renal, endocrine, and sensory-motor systems.

2. Applying knowledge and understanding
Students will be expected to show the ability to apply acquired knowledge to predict the most relevant relationships between the renal, endocrine, and sensory-motor systems to maintain homeostasis and the major consequences of functional alterations in an integrated view. 3. Making judgements
Classes will be interactive. The lecturer will ask continuous questions to students to stimulate their critical sense and integrate their previous knowledge. These questions will also serve to prompt students to make connections between the notions acquired during Physiology I and Physiology II lectures, in an integrated and critical view of Human Physiology.

4. Communication skills
The ability of students to expound on the topics covered in the program with appropriate terms and discourse will be carefully evaluated. They should be able to describe neatly and organically the topics covered, managing both to give a detailed view of the functioning of the physiological systems studied and an overview of the relationship between them.

5. Learning skills
Students will be taught to critically integrate and memorize the most important notions derived from multiple sources of study, including those received in class and those read in recommended texts and resources found on the WEB and in the scientific literature.

Educational objectives

By the end of the course the student must
-know the application of the principal methodogoly of biochemistry, molecular biology, microbiology, parasitology and clinical pathology
-Know how to request a correct laboratory investigation in a fundamental and formal manner
-Be aware of the potential and the limits of the information provided by laboratory examinations

Knowledge and classification of pathogens (bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, helminths and arthropods) which are causative agents for humans. Knowledge of the differences between the various organisms in terms of: structure and morphology, metabolism, mechanisms of pathogenesis, reproduction and replication, epidemiology. Knowledge of the relationships existing between host and pathogens in human infections and of the opportunities of treatment, control and diagnosis of infections.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of bacterial and fungal species of clinical interest.
Study of morphology, replication, virulence factors and pathogenesis aimed at understanding the host-pathogen interaction and the knowledge of the infectious diseases related to the above-mentioned microrganisms.

To understand how animal viruses (most important families) are classified, how their genetic apparatus works and how they interact with and affect the host. The above molecular and cellular mechanisms must combine with the concept of viral pathogenesis, epidemiology, and control.

Educational objectives

Main life cycles of parasites. Transmission routes to humans. Food borne parasites. Role of vectors.

Educational objectives

The student must know the development of medical, scientific and humanistic thinking in relation to a medicine based on logical reasoning and the clinical method.
In particular, the student must know: the epistemology as the foundation of the logical reasoning applied to clinical cases and correlated with medical ethics; the history and physical examination in the clinical approach in medicine; the collection of clinical data in medical record; the epidemiological and statistical study of diseases; genetic diseases and the new frontiers of genetics in medicine; clinical bioethics and human sciences in medicine; the health as a primary good of man and society; the doctor-patient relationship and the narrative medicine.

The student may be assessed with an intermediate test relating to the topics of preclinical medical scientific methodology I. The assessment test will take place through an oral exam. The mark obtained out of thirty will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the preclinical medical scientific methodology II.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

MMS Pre CLinica (II)
• First aid: recognizing vital signs
• Learning cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• The basics of physical examination of the heart, the thorax and the abdomen
• Dressing and suturing a cutaneous wound

The final exam consists of an oral test with discussion of the scheduled topics.

Educational objectives

The BLS Course provides the foundation for saving lives from cardiac arrest. It teaches both single-rescuer and team basic life support skills for application in both prehospital and in-facility environments, with a focus on high-quality CPR and team dynamics.

Educational objectives

Learning the basics of physical examination of the heart, the chest and the abdomen. Learning the basics of EKG reading. Learning the basics of systemic hemodynamics evaluation. Evaluation of respiratory patterns.

Educational objectives

The student must know the development of medical, scientific and humanistic thinking in relation to a medicine based on logical reasoning and the clinical method.
In particular, the student must know: the epistemology as the foundation of the logical reasoning applied to clinical cases and correlated with medical ethics; the history and physical examination in the clinical approach in medicine; the collection of clinical data in medical record; the epidemiological and statistical study of diseases; genetic diseases and the new frontiers of genetics in medicine; clinical bioethics and human sciences in medicine; the health as a primary good of man and society; the doctor-patient relationship and the narrative medicine.

The student may be assessed with an intermediate test relating to the topics of preclinical medical scientific methodology I. The assessment test will take place through an oral exam. The mark obtained out of thirty will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the preclinical medical scientific methodology II.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

MMS Pre CLinica (II)
• First aid: recognizing vital signs
• Learning cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• The basics of physical examination of the heart, the thorax and the abdomen
• Dressing and suturing a cutaneous wound

The final exam consists of an oral test with discussion of the scheduled topics.

Educational objectives

Use of medical databases and reading scientific articles.

Educational objectives

The student is allowed to choose one or more courses offered within any first cycle degree program at Sapienza, provided that they are coherent with his learning path.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the approaches of laboratory medicine in the diagnosis and follow-up of pathologies associated with altered immune response, in the response to infections, to transplants, in oncological conditions affecting the hematopoietic system.

Educational objectives

The aim is to provide students with a thorough knowledge on the role of the immune system main components both in the physiological response and in the immunopathogenic mechanisms.

At the end of the course the student will have to:
• know the basics of the functioning of the immune system, including molecular mechanisms
• know how to illustrate the pathogenetic mechanisms of the main autoimmune diseases
• know the general principles that regulate the immune response in transplants
• know how to identify congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies, as a consequence of the reduced or failed functioning of the immune system
• be able to describe the role of the immune system on the development of tumors
• know the main laboratory techniques in immunological and serological diagnostics, in transplants and in the immune response against cancer.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the approaches of laboratory medicine in the diagnosis and follow-up of pathologies associated with altered immune response, in the response to infections, to transplants, in oncological conditions affecting the hematopoietic system.

Educational objectives

The student is able to connect the results of laboratory analyzes with the different clinical pictures related to the analyses, with particular reference to systemic pathologies.

Educational objectives

To know the application of the main methods of microbiology.
To know the purpose, characteristics and limits of the main laboratory tests of microbiology.

Educational objectives

To know the application of the main methods of clinical pathology and hematology.
To know the purpose, characteristics and limits of the main laboratory tests of clinical pathology and hematology.

Educational objectives

To know the application of the main methods of clinical biochemistry and molecular biology.
To know the purpose, characteristics and limits of the main laboratory tests of clinical biochemistry and molecular biology.
Interpretation of the main laboratory tests of clinical biochemistry and molecular biology, also related to specific diagnostic flowcharts.

Educational objectives

To know the application of the main methods of parasitology.
To know the purpose, characteristics and limits of the main laboratory tests of parasitology.

Educational objectives

General Teaching Objectives
The aim of the integrated course is to enable the student to know the etiological bases and the pathogenetic mechanisms of disease in man, as well as the fundamental physiopathological mechanisms of the main organs and apparatuses.
-To be able to interpret the fundamental physiopathological mechanisms of the main organs and apparatuses of disease in humans
-Know how to perform the operations aimed at an analysis of the fundamental pathogenetic and physiopathological mechanisms
of human disease and to interpret the results
-To be aware that the objective of knowing the etiopathogenetic bases of disease and of physiopathological processes constitutes the indispensable substratum for a subsequent clinical approach towards human diseases.

Knowledge of the etiology and the pathogenic mechanisms of human diseases, basic pathophysiological mechanisms of major organs and systems. Interpretation of basic pathophysiological and pathogenic mechanisms of human disease.
Ability to analyze the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms of human diseases and interpret their results.
Knowledge of the pathogenic basis of disease and pathophysiological processes as the essential substrate for subsequent clinical approach to human diseases.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

The course aims to enable the student to: • Know the etiological bases and pathogenetic mechanisms of human diseases, as well as the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms of the main organs and systems. • Interpret the fundamental pathogenetic and pathophysiological mechanisms of human diseases. • Know how to carry out operations aimed at analyzing the fundamental pathogenetic and pathophysiological mechanisms of human diseases and interpret their results. •Be aware that the aim of knowing the etiopathogenetic bases of diseases and pathophysiological processes constitutes the indispensable substrate for the subsequent clinical approach of human diseases.

Educational objectives

MMS CLINICA (I)
Provide the student with the means to carry out a careful and detailed medical history and an accurate clinical examination of the patient, with the detection and critical evaluation of symptoms and signs of diseases and of pathophysiological alterations. Knowledge of instrumental methods with their possibilities and limits.

MMS CLINICA (II)
• Be able to identify the patient's anamnestic, antropometric, instrumental and laboratory data and methodologies to detect them; to be good at to understand these data from a pathophysiological point of view and use them for diagnosis and prognosis. Collect and evaluate epidemiological and statistical data for health promotion and disease prevention.
• Be able to collect the patient's medical history and to compile the medical record as well as to perform clinical examination and know the basic diagnostic-therapeutic techniques. Learn the use of epidemiological data in order to formulate a correct diagnosis and prognosis. Use the statistical, probabilistic and informatic elements with a view to managing the uncertainty linked to the random nature of the medical process.
• Be aware that the data collection must be used not only in order to formulate a correct diagnosis but also to establish an adequate relationship between patient and medical doctor.

The student may be evaluated with an intermediate test relating to the topics of clinical scientific methodology I. The evaluation test will take place through an oral exam. The mark expressed out of thirty obtained will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the clinical scientific methodology II.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

Execution of a correct anamnestic collection and of the objective examination, with particular reference to the functional and instrumental semeiotics.

Educational objectives

Introduction to the semeiotics and methodology of the surgical patient.
Recognizing symptoms and objective signs in the patient affected by pathology of surgical Interest; to direct the research of laboratory, radiological and instrumental examinations for the purpose of diagnosis

Educational objectives

Approach to the patient according to the principles of gender medicine and knowledge of the influence of sex, of the socio-economic and cultural aspects linked to sex, on the state of health and illness of each person.

Educational objectives

Clinical interview: methodology and practical approach.

Educational objectives

The student is able to connect the results of laboratory analyzes with the different clinical pictures related to the analyses, with particular reference to systemic pathologies.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the tools and technologies that can be used for the remote monitoring of biomarkers useful for the evaluation of chronic diseases or those in remission.

Educational objectives

The student is able to connect the results of laboratory analyzes with the different clinical pictures related to the analyses, with particular reference to systemic pathologies.

Educational objectives

To know the application of the main methods of clinical biochemistry and molecular biology.
To know the purpose, characteristics and limits of the main laboratory tests of clinical biochemistry and molecular biology.
Interpretation of the main laboratory tests of clinical biochemistry and molecular biology, also related to specific diagnostic flowcharts.

Educational objectives

Know the application of the main technologies in the field of laboratory medicine and their application in different diagnostic settings.

Educational objectives

General Teaching Objectives
The aim of the integrated course is to enable the student to know the etiological bases and the pathogenetic mechanisms of disease in man, as well as the fundamental physiopathological mechanisms of the main organs and apparatuses.
-To be able to interpret the fundamental physiopathological mechanisms of the main organs and apparatuses of disease in humans
-Know how to perform the operations aimed at an analysis of the fundamental pathogenetic and physiopathological mechanisms
of human disease and to interpret the results
-To be aware that the objective of knowing the etiopathogenetic bases of disease and of physiopathological processes constitutes the indispensable substratum for a subsequent clinical approach towards human diseases.

Knowledge of the etiology and the pathogenic mechanisms of human diseases, basic pathophysiological mechanisms of major organs and systems. Interpretation of basic pathophysiological and pathogenic mechanisms of human disease.
Ability to analyze the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms of human diseases and interpret their results.
Knowledge of the pathogenic basis of disease and pathophysiological processes as the essential substrate for subsequent clinical approach to human diseases.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

The aim is to provide students with a thorough knowledge on the pathogenetic mechanisms and the etiology of diseases. Paying close attention to the molecular, cellular and tissue changes that underlie the development of neoplasms, their classification and to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, endocrine, respiratory and nervous systems.

Educational objectives

General Teaching Objectives
The aim of the integrated course is to enable the student to know the etiological bases and the pathogenetic mechanisms of disease in man, as well as the fundamental physiopathological mechanisms of the main organs and apparatuses.
-To be able to interpret the fundamental physiopathological mechanisms of the main organs and apparatuses of disease in humans
-Know how to perform the operations aimed at an analysis of the fundamental pathogenetic and physiopathological mechanisms
of human disease and to interpret the results
-To be aware that the objective of knowing the etiopathogenetic bases of disease and of physiopathological processes constitutes the indispensable substratum for a subsequent clinical approach towards human diseases.

Knowledge of the etiology and the pathogenic mechanisms of human diseases, basic pathophysiological mechanisms of major organs and systems. Interpretation of basic pathophysiological and pathogenic mechanisms of human disease.
Ability to analyze the fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms of human diseases and interpret their results.
Knowledge of the pathogenic basis of disease and pathophysiological processes as the essential substrate for subsequent clinical approach to human diseases.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

The integrated Pathology and Physiopathology course aims to convey the notions regarding the mechanisms that cause diseases and the molecular mechanisms that underlie every organ pathology and every systemic pathology. It also concerns the interpretation of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie the various pathologies.
The laboratory medicine technical sciences module examines the techniques to be used for the evaluation of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying pathologies.

Educational objectives

MMS CLINICA (I)
Provide the student with the means to carry out a careful and detailed medical history and an accurate clinical examination of the patient, with the detection and critical evaluation of symptoms and signs of diseases and of pathophysiological alterations. Knowledge of instrumental methods with their possibilities and limits.

MMS CLINICA (II)
• Be able to identify the patient's anamnestic, antropometric, instrumental and laboratory data and methodologies to detect them; to be good at to understand these data from a pathophysiological point of view and use them for diagnosis and prognosis. Collect and evaluate epidemiological and statistical data for health promotion and disease prevention.
• Be able to collect the patient's medical history and to compile the medical record as well as to perform clinical examination and know the basic diagnostic-therapeutic techniques. Learn the use of epidemiological data in order to formulate a correct diagnosis and prognosis. Use the statistical, probabilistic and informatic elements with a view to managing the uncertainty linked to the random nature of the medical process.
• Be aware that the data collection must be used not only in order to formulate a correct diagnosis but also to establish an adequate relationship between patient and medical doctor.

The student may be evaluated with an intermediate test relating to the topics of clinical scientific methodology I. The evaluation test will take place through an oral exam. The mark expressed out of thirty obtained will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the clinical scientific methodology II.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

MMS CLINICA (I)
Provide the student with the means to carry out a careful and detailed medical history and an accurate clinical examination of the patient, with the detection and critical evaluation of symptoms and signs of diseases and of pathophysiological alterations. Knowledge of instrumental methods with their possibilities and limits.

MMS CLINICA (II)
• Be able to identify the patient's anamnestic, antropometric, instrumental and laboratory data and methodologies to detect them; to be good at to understand these data from a pathophysiological point of view and use them for diagnosis and prognosis. Collect and evaluate epidemiological and statistical data for health promotion and disease prevention.
• Be able to collect the patient's medical history and to compile the medical record as well as to perform clinical examination and know the basic diagnostic-therapeutic techniques. Learn the use of epidemiological data in order to formulate a correct diagnosis and prognosis. Use the statistical, probabilistic and informatic elements with a view to managing the uncertainty linked to the random nature of the medical process.
• Be aware that the data collection must be used not only in order to formulate a correct diagnosis but also to establish an adequate relationship between patient and medical doctor.

The student may be evaluated with an intermediate test relating to the topics of clinical scientific methodology I. The evaluation test will take place through an oral exam. The mark expressed out of thirty obtained will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the clinical scientific methodology II.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

Know how to identify the anamnestic, physical-anthropometric, instrumental and laboratory findings of the patient and the methodologies needed to detect them, interpret the aforementioned findings from a physiopathological point of view, and use them for the purposes of diagnosis and prognosis in pathologies of surgical competence. Collect and evaluate epidemiological and statistical data for the purposes of health promotion and disease prevention.
Knowing how to take the anamnesis and compile the medical record, the physical examination and the elementary diagnostic-therapeutic techniques. Use epidemiological data for diagnosis and prognosis. Use statistical, probabilistic and IT tools to manage the uncertainty linked to the random nature of the medical process.
Knowing how to be aware that the data collected are used not only for the purposes of a correct diagnosis but also for an adequate doctor-patient relationship.

Educational objectives

Use of medical databases and reading scientific articles.

Educational objectives

Physical and instrumental semeiotics of the respiratory system. Semiotics: acute and chronic respiratory failure, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, pleural effusion, ascites, generalized edema. Epidemiology of the major lung diseases. Instrumental semeiotics of the respiratory system. Instrumental semeiotics of the digestive system. Semiological approach to endocrine diseases and the hematopoietic system. Semiological approach to the pathologies of nervous system.

Educational objectives

The student is allowed to choose one or more courses offered within any first cycle degree program at Sapienza, provided that they are coherent with his learning path.

Educational objectives

Acquisition of knowledge of morphological changes at the macroscopic, microscopic and ultrastructural levels of simple lesions.
Recollections of human anatomy and topographical anatomy of the cranial, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavities. Molecular biological mechanisms deputed to control growth, differentiation and cell death; cell-cell and cell-matrix relationships. Morphology of reversible cell damage and necrosis. Morphology of apoptosis. Hyperplasia, hypertrophy, atrophy and metaplasia. Morphology of intracellular substance accumulation: lipids; proteins; glycogen and pigments. Pathologic calcifications. Morphology of acute and chronic inflammation. Dysplasia and Neoplasia.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of vessel pathology: arteriosclerosis, aneurysms and vasculitis.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of heart pathology: ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, valvular pathology and pericardial effusions.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of respiratory system pathologies: respiratory distress, circulatory alterations, obstructive and restrictive pathologies, pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung and pleural neoplasms.

Educational objectives

Acquisition of knowledge of morphological changes at the macroscopic, microscopic and ultrastructural levels of simple lesions.
Recollections of human anatomy and topographical anatomy of the cranial, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavities. Molecular biological mechanisms deputed to control growth, differentiation and cell death; cell-cell and cell-matrix relationships. Morphology of reversible cell damage and necrosis. Morphology of apoptosis. Hyperplasia, hypertrophy, atrophy and metaplasia. Morphology of intracellular substance accumulation: lipids; proteins; glycogen and pigments. Pathologic calcifications. Morphology of acute and chronic inflammation. Dysplasia and Neoplasia.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of vessel pathology: arteriosclerosis, aneurysms and vasculitis.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of heart pathology: ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, valvular pathology and pericardial effusions.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of respiratory system pathologies: respiratory distress, circulatory alterations, obstructive and restrictive pathologies, pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung and pleural neoplasms.

Educational objectives

Applications of methods and technologies from microscopic to molecular diagnostics in the anatomical-pathological field.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the main surgical diseases of the thorax (respiratory system, chest wall and mediastinum) and of the main diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in thoracic surgery.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of anatomy, pathophysiology and semeiotics of the respiratory system. Knowledge of the main diseases of the respiratory system and their diagnostic and functional classification.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the main surgical diseases of the thorax (respiratory system, chest wall and mediastinum) and of the main diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in thoracic surgery.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the pathophysiology of the vascular and lymphatic circulation and of the main diseases of the venous, arterial and lymphatic vessels and indication of their surgical treatment.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the anatomy, physiopathology and semeiotics of the cardio-vascular system.
Knowledge of epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of congenital and acquired heart diseases.

Educational objectives

Learning outcomes:
Knowledge of the main pathologies of the Genito-Urinary tract with anatomical and pathological anatomical aspects, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic approach.
Clinical knowledge and reasoning of the Uroncological pathologies.
Knowing aetiology, symptoms and therapy of male genital tract diseases, infertility and sexual dysfunctions.

Educational objectives

Acquiring the knowledge of aetiology, symptoms and therapy of renal diseases.

Educational objectives

Learning outcomes:
Knowledge of the main pathologies of the Genito-Urinary tract with anatomical and pathological anatomical aspects, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic approach.
Clinical knowledge and reasoning of the Uroncological pathologies.
Knowing aetiology, symptoms and therapy of male genital tract diseases, infertility and sexual dysfunctions.

Educational objectives

MMS INTEGRATA (I)
Through seminars on interdisciplinary clinical cases, students will be guided to know how to critically evaluate,
through a correct clinical reasoning, the symptoms and clinical signs and to correlate them to the pathophysiological knowledge related to cardiovascular, respiratory and renal diseases more frequent in daily clinical practice. Particular importance will be given to the presentation of paradigmatic clinical cases of medical-surgical system pluripatologie.
The final objective will be the acquisition of an adequate differential diagnostic capacity useful for identifying the most suitable instrumental examinations for the resolution of the presented clinical case.

MMS INTEGRATA (II)
Through interdisciplinary seminars the student will be guided to be aware of the epidemiological and socio-economic relevance of the main endocrine-metabolic and digestive diseases foreseen in the integrated course. It will be able to critically evaluate and correlate clinical symptoms, physical signs and functional alterations with pathogenic causes.
It will also be brought to know the clinical process to put an exact differential diagnosis also through the use of instrumental techniques. Last but not least, the therapeutic aspect will be considered.

The importance of the scientific method in medicine is universally recognized, both with regards to the specific knowledge of medical methodology and its rules, according to the principles of evidence-based medicine, and to clinical methodology applied to the single patient.
This integrated course aims to guide students towards a unified training and, using the individual and specific skills of the teachers in the clinical, surgical, and radiological fields, guide them through their scientific-professional training.
At the end of the course, the student shall be able to identify the correct methodology, useful for the diagnostic and clinical classification of patients affected by thoracic or abdominal pain, liver disease, dyspnea, syncope, metabolic and nutrition disorders.
The student will also acquire knowledge of the various IT and technological tools in the field of digital medicine and the creation of digital twins.

The student may be assessed with an intermediate test relating to the topics of the integrated medical scientific methodology I-Digital medicine. The evaluation test will take place through an oral exam. The mark obtained out of thirty will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the integrated medical scientific methodology II-Digital medicine.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

INTEGRATED MMS (I)
Through seminars on interdisciplinary Clinical Cases, students will be guided to be able to critically evaluate, through correct clinical reasoning, clinical symptoms and signs and to correlate them with the pathophysiological knowledge relating to the most frequent respiratory diseases in daily clinical practice.
The final objective will be represented by the acquisition of an adequate differential diagnostic ability useful for identifying the most suitable instrumental tests for resolving the clinical case presented.

Educational objectives

Paradigmatic clinical cases aimed at learning physical semiotics and elementary notions of instrumental semiotics in the diagnosis of cardiovascular pathologies.

Educational objectives

Paradigmatic clinical cases aimed at learning physical semeiotics and elementary notions of instrumental semeiotics in surgical setting.

Educational objectives

The student is allowed to choose one or more courses offered within any first cycle degree program at Sapienza, provided that they are coherent with his learning path.

Educational objectives

Acquisition of knowledge of morphological changes at the macroscopic, microscopic and ultrastructural levels of simple lesions.
Recollections of human anatomy and topographical anatomy of the cranial, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavities. Molecular biological mechanisms deputed to control growth, differentiation and cell death; cell-cell and cell-matrix relationships. Morphology of reversible cell damage and necrosis. Morphology of apoptosis. Hyperplasia, hypertrophy, atrophy and metaplasia. Morphology of intracellular substance accumulation: lipids; proteins; glycogen and pigments. Pathologic calcifications. Morphology of acute and chronic inflammation. Dysplasia and Neoplasia.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of vessel pathology: arteriosclerosis, aneurysms and vasculitis.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of heart pathology: ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, valvular pathology and pericardial effusions.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of respiratory system pathologies: respiratory distress, circulatory alterations, obstructive and restrictive pathologies, pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung and pleural neoplasms.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of the pathology of the osteoarticular system: metabolic osteopathies, osteomyelitis, osteo-articular and soft tissue neoplasms.
Arthritis and arthrosis.
Immunodeficiency and autoimmune diseases.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of the pathology of the breast and the female genital system: fibrous cystic changes of the breast, breast tumors; endometriosis; tumors of the uterus and adnexa.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of the pathology of the male genital system: inflammation of the testicle, epididymis and prostate; neoplasms of the penis, testicle and prostate.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of the pathology of the kidney and urinary system: glomerulopathies, tubulointerstitial diseases, pyelonephritis, renal and urinary tract tuberculosis, nephrosclerosis, renal circulation disorders, uremia, neoplasms of the renal parenchyma and excretory urinary tract.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of head and neck pathology.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract: peptic ulcers, infectious enterocolitis, chronic inflammatory diseases, neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract.
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of the pathology of the liver, the biliary tract and the pancreas: hepatic circulation disorders, jaundice, hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver neoplasms, biliary lithiasis and neoplasms of the major biliary tract, pancreatitis and neoplasms of the exocrine pancreas .
Knowledge of the macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural morphological pictures of endocrine pathology: glandular hyperfunction and hypofunction, thyroiditis, diabetes and endocrine neoplasms.

Educational objectives

To understand the different techniques of diagnostic imaging and their indications. Appropriateness of radiological exams. Protection and safety. Vascular and extravascular interventiiknal radiology.
Radiobiology, techniques of radiation therapy. Indications to treatments.
Techniques of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging.

Educational objectives

Knowing radiobiology and radiation protection.

Educational objectives

The use of new digital medicine tools for the creation of digital twins and their related uses in the clinical and surgical field.

Educational objectives

Diagnostic imaging applied to pathologies of the central and peripheral nervous system.

Educational objectives

To understand the different techniques of diagnostic imaging and their indications. Appropriateness of radiological exams. Protection and safety. Vascular and extravascular interventiiknal radiology.
Radiobiology, techniques of radiation therapy. Indications to treatments.
Techniques of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging.

Educational objectives

MMS INTEGRATA (I)
Through seminars on interdisciplinary clinical cases, students will be guided to know how to critically evaluate,
through a correct clinical reasoning, the symptoms and clinical signs and to correlate them to the pathophysiological knowledge related to cardiovascular, respiratory and renal diseases more frequent in daily clinical practice. Particular importance will be given to the presentation of paradigmatic clinical cases of medical-surgical system pluripatologie.
The final objective will be the acquisition of an adequate differential diagnostic capacity useful for identifying the most suitable instrumental examinations for the resolution of the presented clinical case.

MMS INTEGRATA (II)
Through interdisciplinary seminars the student will be guided to be aware of the epidemiological and socio-economic relevance of the main endocrine-metabolic and digestive diseases foreseen in the integrated course. It will be able to critically evaluate and correlate clinical symptoms, physical signs and functional alterations with pathogenic causes.
It will also be brought to know the clinical process to put an exact differential diagnosis also through the use of instrumental techniques. Last but not least, the therapeutic aspect will be considered.

The importance of the scientific method in medicine is universally recognized, both with regards to the specific knowledge of medical methodology and its rules, according to the principles of evidence-based medicine, and to clinical methodology applied to the single patient.
This integrated course aims to guide students towards a unified training and, using the individual and specific skills of the teachers in the clinical, surgical, and radiological fields, guide them through their scientific-professional training.
At the end of the course, the student shall be able to identify the correct methodology, useful for the diagnostic and clinical classification of patients affected by thoracic or abdominal pain, liver disease, dyspnea, syncope, metabolic and nutrition disorders.
The student will also acquire knowledge of the various IT and technological tools in the field of digital medicine and the creation of digital twins.

The student may be assessed with an intermediate test relating to the topics of the integrated medical scientific methodology I-Digital medicine. The evaluation test will take place through an oral exam. The mark obtained out of thirty will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the integrated medical scientific methodology II-Digital medicine.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

MMS INTEGRATA (I)
Through seminars on interdisciplinary clinical cases, students will be guided to know how to critically evaluate,
through a correct clinical reasoning, the symptoms and clinical signs and to correlate them to the pathophysiological knowledge related to cardiovascular, respiratory and renal diseases more frequent in daily clinical practice. Particular importance will be given to the presentation of paradigmatic clinical cases of medical-surgical system pluripatologie.
The final objective will be the acquisition of an adequate differential diagnostic capacity useful for identifying the most suitable instrumental examinations for the resolution of the presented clinical case.

MMS INTEGRATA (II)
Through interdisciplinary seminars the student will be guided to be aware of the epidemiological and socio-economic relevance of the main endocrine-metabolic and digestive diseases foreseen in the integrated course. It will be able to critically evaluate and correlate clinical symptoms, physical signs and functional alterations with pathogenic causes.
It will also be brought to know the clinical process to put an exact differential diagnosis also through the use of instrumental techniques. Last but not least, the therapeutic aspect will be considered.

The importance of the scientific method in medicine is universally recognized, both with regards to the specific knowledge of medical methodology and its rules, according to the principles of evidence-based medicine, and to clinical methodology applied to the single patient.
This integrated course aims to guide students towards a unified training and, using the individual and specific skills of the teachers in the clinical, surgical, and radiological fields, guide them through their scientific-professional training.
At the end of the course, the student shall be able to identify the correct methodology, useful for the diagnostic and clinical classification of patients affected by thoracic or abdominal pain, liver disease, dyspnea, syncope, metabolic and nutrition disorders.
The student will also acquire knowledge of the various IT and technological tools in the field of digital medicine and the creation of digital twins.

The student may be assessed with an intermediate test relating to the topics of the integrated medical scientific methodology I-Digital medicine. The evaluation test will take place through an oral exam. The mark obtained out of thirty will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the integrated medical scientific methodology II-Digital medicine.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the principles of machine learning based on the use of big data and possible applications in the biomedical field.

Educational objectives

Describe general pictures and, through the detection of signs and symptoms, guide the student to use the most suitable tests and diagnostic tools to analyze and understand the disease process in surgical pathologies.

Educational objectives

Describe general pictures and, through the detection of signs and symptoms, guide the student to use the most suitable tests and diagnostic tools to analyze and understand the disease process in clinical pathologies.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the elements and potential developments related to the introduction of IT (information technology) in the process leading to patient care.

Educational objectives

Use of medical databases and reading scientific articles.

Educational objectives

Pharmacokinetic implications to the principles of therapy. Pharmacodynamic-dependent variability to the response to the action of drugs. Genetic variability in the action of drugs. Moreover, the student has to be able to process and communicate the risk/benefit ratio of the various classes of drugs and of the most important active principles within the single class of drugs. He will also have to acquire a theoretical ability to prescribe drugs according to the evidence-based medicine.

Educational objectives

Pharmacokinetic implications to the principles of therapy. Pharmacodynamic-dependent variability to the response to the action of drugs. Genetic variability in the action of drugs. Moreover, the student has to be able to process and communicate the risk/benefit ratio of the various classes of drugs and of the most important active principles within the single class of drugs. He will also have to acquire a theoretical ability to prescribe drugs according to the evidence-based medicine.

Educational objectives

Learning outcomes:
a) to provide knowledge: on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia; b) to acquire ability: to learn the relationship between damage, functional alteration, symptoms and therapeutic strategies;
c) to acquire independent judgment: and establish the correct clinical classification of the patient; establish the correct diagnostic procedure and a therapeutic plan.

To introduce the students to the creation of an adequate framework for the patient and diagnostic procedure in the context of endocrine diseases, on the basis of anamnestic, clinical and instrumental data.

Educational objectives

To recognize the presence of a liver disease, to know the main pathogenetic mechanisms, to correctly identify the causes and how stage the disease.
To introduce students to the proper clinical approach to the patients with gastrointestinal diseases, based on clinical and technical issues.
Clinical approach to the patient with diarrhea. Pathophysiological mechanisms of diarrhea. Diagnosis and treatment.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of IT tools and 3D-technology to prepare complex surgical interventions on single patients.

Educational objectives

Learning outcomes:
a) to provide knowledge: on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia; b) to acquire ability: to learn the relationship between damage, functional alteration, symptoms and therapeutic strategies;
c) to acquire independent judgment: and establish the correct clinical classification of the patient; establish the correct diagnostic procedure and a therapeutic plan.

To introduce the students to the creation of an adequate framework for the patient and diagnostic procedure in the context of endocrine diseases, on the basis of anamnestic, clinical and instrumental data.

Educational objectives

To introduce students to the classification and management of patients suffering from digestive haemorrhage or from benign and malignant neoplastic lesions of the colon-rectum.
Define the main indications and approaches to surgery of the digestive system.
Defining indication and approaches to thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal surgery.

Educational objectives

The student is allowed to choose one or more courses offered within any first cycle degree program at Sapienza, provided that they are coherent with his learning path.

Educational objectives

Pharmacokinetic implications to the principles of therapy. Pharmacodynamic-dependent variability to the response to the action of drugs. Genetic variability in the action of drugs. Moreover, the student has to be able to process and communicate the risk/benefit ratio of the various classes of drugs and of the most important active principles within the single class of drugs. He will also have to acquire a theoretical ability to prescribe drugs according to the evidence-based medicine.

Educational objectives

To know the pharmacodynamic effects of the various classes of drugs in relation to the mechanism of action, to the fate in the organism and to the adverse effects.
Knowing how to make a reasoned choice of drugs in relation to different pathological situations.
Be aware of the possible influence of individual factors and concomitant pathologies on the pharmacological and / or therapeutic effect sought, as well as the risk-benefit ratio of drug therapy.

To be aware of the possible influence of individual factors and concomitant pathologies on the pharmacological and/or therapeutic effect sought, as well as the risk-benefit relationship of the drug therapy.

Educational objectives

Teaching the clinical features of cranial and vertebral traumas and tumours. the clinical and instrumental diagnostics used in these diseases. Teaching how to do the appropriate neurosurgery and be aware of the purpose and medical-legal implications of these interventions in these conditions.

Educational objectives

Learning outcomes: Teaching the methodological basis of radiological techniques applied to the study of the nervous system. Teaching clinical indications for these diagnostic techniques. Be aware of the medical-legal implications of using these techniques.

Educational objectives

Teaching the clinical features of cranial and vertebral traumas and tumours. the clinical and instrumental diagnostics used in these diseases. Teaching how to do the appropriate neurosurgery and be aware of the purpose and medical-legal implications of these interventions in these conditions.

Educational objectives

Teaching the anatomical-functional organization of the central and peripheral nervous system. To teach the clinical characteristics of the following pathological conditions: alterations of the state of consciousness (coma); epilepsy; degenerative diseases of the nervous system; inflammatory, autoimmune and infectious diseases of the nervous system; neuromuscular disorders. Teaching the proper diagnostic techniques (clinical and instrumental) used in these diseases. Know how to manage the appropriate therapies and be aware of the purpose and medical-legal implications in patients affected by these diseases.

Teaching the clinical features of headaches and infectious diseases of the central nervous system. Teaching the clinical and instrumental diagnostic techniques used in these diseases. Teaching how to manage the appropriate therapies and be aware of the medical-legal implications in patients affected by these diseases.

Teaching the clinical features of cerebrovascular diseases. Teaching the clinical and instrumental diagnostics used in these diseases. Teaching how to do the appropriate therapeutic acts and be aware of the purpose and medical-legal implications of the acts performed in patients affected by these diseases.

Educational objectives

Principles of radiobiology; knowledge required to plan radiotherapy treatment (CT scanning and virtual simulation, treatment contouring, treatment planning, treatment delivery); RT-related acute and late toxicity; multidisciplinary treatment approach in oncology.

Educational objectives

At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
recognize the neoplastc patient as a complex one, owing to its metabolic, infectious, haematologic, neurological and cardiovascular complications;
Integrate his own knowledge with those of other specialists, in order to have not a sectorial but a full view of the patient.

At the end of the course the student has to:
know the staging and risk stratification systems for prediction of persistent/recurrent disease and mortality in endocrine neoplasms; the usefulness of genetic testing in oncology; the tools to assess the efficacy and safety of the anti-tumor drugs; the protocols for the management of the anti-tumorl drugs adverse events;
be able to apply in the clinical practice information deriving from genetic test; to read critically and use the results of the oncology clinical studies
be able to tailor the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies based on the risk stratification of the cancer patient.

Educational objectives

At the end of the course the student have to:
-Know the AJCC Cancer Staging System (Eight ed) of solid tumours.
-know the the Histopathologyc classification of solid tumors and understand its prognostic significance.
-Know the multimodal treatment of solid tumours with the strategic timing of chemo and radiotherapy respect to the surgical approach.
-know the modern therapeutic approach to the patients affected by metastatic disease.

Educational objectives

Approach to patients with neoplasia from genetic and molecular aspects to diagnosis and treatment. Integrate own knowledge with those of other specialists, in order to have full picture of the patient.

Educational objectives

Principles of radiobiology; knowledge required to plan radiotherapy treatment (CT scanning and virtual simulation, treatment contouring, treatment planning, treatment delivery); RT-related acute and late toxicity; multidisciplinary treatment approach in oncology.

Educational objectives

General Teaching Objectives.
By the end of the course the student must:

Have acquired essential knowledge about the approach towards the rheumatologically sick patient, with particular reference to rheumatic pathologies and degenerative and phlogistic impression (systemic and non)

Have acquired essential knowledge about the diagnostic organization and therapeutic approach to the main pathologies of the immune system with particular reference to immunodeficiencies, auto-immune diseases and to vasculitis and allergopathologies.

Have acquired essential knowledge of the approach towards the hematological patient with particular reference to
anemias, onco-hematological pathologies and disorders of the hemostasis.

Diagnosis and therapy of the major immunological diseases, with special reference to immunodeficiencies (excluding HIV disease), autoimmune diseases, vasculitides and allergic diseases.
Diagnosis and therapy of the major hematologic diseases, with special reference to anemias, onco-hematologic diseases and disorders of hemostasis.
Diagnosis and therapy of the major rheumatologic diseases, with special reference to inflammatory disorders (systemic and non-systemic).

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

General management of patients with reumathologic disorders. Diagnosis and therapy of systemic and non-systemic inflammatory reumathologic disorders.

Educational objectives

Diagnosis and therapy of the major immunodeficiency disorders (excluding HIV), systemic autoimmune diseases and allergic diseases.
Diagnosis and therapy of the major vasculitides.

Educational objectives

Diagnosis and therapy of the major onco-hematologic diseases.

Diagnosis and therapy of erythropoiesis disorders, anemias and coagulation disorders.

Educational objectives

The course aims to focus attention on multidisciplinary issues relating to pathologies of the female reproductive system and correlations with the function of the endocrine system, with particular reference to knowledge of the preventive, diagnostic and clinical aspects of these pathologies which are essential for the doctor specialist in order to set up the correct diagnostic and therapeutic procedure.

Educational objectives

The aim is to learn:
KNOWLEDGE: of the clinic of infectious diseases through the use of the information already acquired by integrating them with elements of epidemiology, virology, bacteriology and parasitology as well as elements of immunity for a correct diagnostic-therapeutic process of the same, as well as the diagnostic-therapeutic process with regards to the aspects of reproductive medicine
the ABILITY: to conduct a correct systematic anamnesis and to write it in a terminologically appropriate way and to conduct the general objective examination in the patient with infectious disease and pathologies - alterations inherent to reproductive medicine.
SKILLS: physiopathological reasoning to be able to interpret signs and symptoms and identify the problem from which to start the diagnostic procedure.

Educational objectives

The course is designed to focus attention on issues multidisciplinary relating to major endocrine disorders with particular reference to the knowledge of the preventive aspects, diagnostic and clinical of these diseases is essential to medical specialists in order to set the correct diagnostic and therapeutic procedure.

Educational objectives

The course aims to focus attention on multidisciplinary issues relating to pathologies of the female reproductive system and correlations with the function of the endocrine system, with particular reference to knowledge of the preventive, diagnostic and clinical aspects of these pathologies which are essential for the doctor specialist in order to set up the correct diagnostic and therapeutic procedure.

Educational objectives

The course will provide useful elements for the pharmacological approach in pathologies of an endocrine, obstetric-gynecological nature and in infectious diseases.

Educational objectives

At the end of the period the student should know the basical notions in Plastic Surgery, and should be able to differentiate for example grafts from flaps, and their different indications. He should know the several fields of interest of our Discipline. Although he is not asked to know surgical details of the different techniques, he should know when to apply them.

Educational objectives

To provide the students the teorical and practical ability to recognize del dermatological conditions more frequently occurring in the medical practice, to recognize the skin lesions that more frequently occure in internal medicine and to distinguish the skin conditions that necessarly need a specialistic couseling.

To allow students the ability to recognize the different elementary lesions, to associate them with the main immunomediate cutaneous pathology, to identify the cutaneous manifestations occurring in viral, bacterial and fungal diseases systemic or exclusively localized on the skin.

Educational objectives

At the end of the period the student should know the basical notions in Plastic Surgery, and should be able to differentiate for example grafts from flaps, and their different indications. He should know the several fields of interest of our Discipline. Although he is not asked to know surgical details of the different techniques, he should know when to apply them.

Educational objectives

At the end of the course, student should:
- Know the most common otorinolaryngoiatric, maxillofacial, oral and eye diseases with the main therapeutic approach.
- Have the ability to diagnose the most common otorinolaryngoiatric, maxillofacial, oral and eye diseases.
- be aware of what pathological conditions could be treated by general medical practitioner and those were referred to specialist.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

The purpose is to make people learn:
KNOWLEDGE: knowledge of the most frequent maxillofacial diseases.
SKILLS AND SKILLS: ability to diagnose and be aware of when the patient should be referred to the specialist doctor.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the etiopathogenesis, risk factors and prevention of dental caries.
Knowledge of growth and development anomalies of the jaws: normal occlusion and dento-skeletal malocclusion.
Knowledge of main odontogenic tumours in order to make a proper prevention and treatment.
Knowledge to prevent, diagnose and treat oral soft tissue diseases and tumours.
Knowledge of the etiopathogenesis, clinical and radiological semeiotics, complications, and surgical treatment notes of third molar extraction and of jaw cyst enucleation.
Knowledge of the classification, etiopathogenesis, clinical and radiological semeiotics, and surgical notes of the treatment of jaw cysts.

Educational objectives

At the end of the course, student should:
- Know the most common otorinolaryngoiatric, maxillofacial, oral and eye diseases with the main therapeutic approach.
- Have the ability to diagnose the most common otorinolaryngoiatric, maxillofacial, oral and eye diseases.
- be aware of what pathological conditions could be treated by general medical practitioner and those were referred to specialist.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

The objective, within the module, is the acquisition by the students of the ability to recognize the most frequent otorinolaringoiatric diseases and their relationships with diseases of other systems, and the knowledge of the main prevention, diagnosis and therapy guidelines as well as the identification of all those conditions and situations that require the specialist's preferential contribution, also in light of a specific and continuous technological progress in the diagnostic and therapeutic field.

Educational objectives

The purpose is to make people learn:

KNOWLEDGE: knowledge of the most frequent pathologies of the ear.
SKILLS AND SKILLS: ability to diagnose and be aware of when the patient should be referred to the specialist doctor.

Educational objectives

The purpose is to make people learn:
KNOWLEDGE: knowledge of the most frequent pathologies of the visual apparatus.
SKILLS AND SKILLS: ability to diagnose and be aware of when the patient should be referred to the specialist doctor.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of biomaterials that can be used in the treatment of pathologies of the sense organs and their biocompatibility.

Educational objectives

Clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis and classification of mental disorders. The cerebral and neurobiological bases of mental disorders. General and clinical psychopharmacology. Pharmacological, physical and psychotherapeutic treatments of mental disorders.
Being able to make diagnoses of mental disorder, also in relation to differential diagnosis with mental disorders during somatic pathologies. Be able to set up a treatment strategy and evaluate the possible role of different specialized skills. Be competent in the field of psychiatric therapies, with particular reference to psychopharmacological ones.

Educational objectives

Clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis and classification of mental disorders. The cerebral and neurobiological bases of mental disorders. General and clinical psychopharmacology. Pharmacological, physical and psychotherapeutic treatments of mental disorders.
Being able to make diagnoses of mental disorder, also in relation to differential diagnosis with mental disorders during somatic pathologies. Be able to set up a treatment strategy and evaluate the possible role of different specialized skills. Be competent in the field of psychiatric therapies, with particular reference to psychopharmacological ones.

Educational objectives

Understanding of the concept of mental disorder in medicine and in clinical psychology. The concept of Normality. The psychological evaluation of mental disorders.
Knowing how to evaluate mental disorders in a psychological perspective. Understanding of the person in times of crisis within the life cycle. The development of personality and the personological disharmonies. Methods in clinical psychology.

Educational objectives

To understand the principles of rehabilitation, to know when to refer a patient to a rehabilitation specialist or rehabilitation center.

Educational objectives

Recognize the diagnostic and therapeutic elements of the main rheumatic diseases.

Educational objectives

By the end of the course the student must know:
- how to make a correct diagnosis and to give instructions about the treatment of orthopedic and traumatological diseases;
- the therapeutic, medical, surgical and rehabilitative possibilities of the main orthopedic and traumatological pathologies;
- the diagnostic and therapeutic elements of the main rheumatic diseases, that provide major importance about the epidemiological aspects: inflammatory rheumatism (primary and reactive arthritis), systemic or connective rheumatic diseases, microcrystalline and degenerative arthropathies, generalized extra-articulated and local rheumatism.

Recognize the main rheumatic, orthopedic and traumatological diseases, also knowing the relative therapeutic, surgical and rehabilitative plans. Understand the principles of rehabilitation and make a decision on when to refer a patient to a rehabilitation specialist or rehabilitation centre.
Know the technological tools that can be used in the treatment, rehabilitation and support of patients suffering from bone and rheumatological pathologies.

The final exam consists of an oral test with discussion of the scheduled topics.

Educational objectives

To understand the principles of rehabilitation, to know when to refer a patient to a rehabilitation specialist or rehabilitation center.

Educational objectives

Recognize the diagnostic and therapeutic elements of the main diseases in orthopedics and traumatology.

Educational objectives

MEDICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY PUBLIC HEALTH (I)
To know: the fundamental principles of etiological and evaluative epidemiology, of health promotion and prevention of Infectious and chronic- degenerative diseases applied to the realities of the envinroment, of places and aggregation of life and of work, of school , of health, of foods (safety and security); the effective modalities of health education applied to preventive and curative medical activity; the relations on health promotion and disease prevention with the organizational structure of modern healthcare
Knowing Being: to able to adopt professional behaviors consistent with the principles of health promotion and disease prevention in the individuals and in life and work communities.
To Know How To: Have acquired and know how to use the skills in terms of individual and collective risk towards the environments of life and work and lifestyles for the purposes of health promotion and disease prevention.

MEDICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY PUBLIC HEALTH (II)
The course is focused on the interdisciplinary competencies needed by physicians, ranging from economic and managerial skills to epidemiological methods to assess scientific evidence about the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of healthcare interventions.
By the end of the course the student must:
• know the basic types of healthcare systems in the world, with their main strengths and weaknesses; the organization of the Italian Health System and the levels of planning of public health; essential basic levels of assistance; the methods used to evaluate efficacy, effectiveness and efficiency of healthcare interventions; the financing mechanisms both at macro-level (healthcare systems) and micro-level (hospital and other healthcare organizations); the main tools of management and quality control in the healthcare organizations; main issues in Global Health;
• be able to read critically and use epidemiological studies, systematic reviews and meta-analysis, as well as the economic evaluations of healthcare interventions; know how to use the basics of management of quality control in the health field;
• develop an attitude to adopt professional behaviors in accordance with the principles of equity, effectiveness and efficiency and the objectives of the national, regional and local planning; develop a critical thinking in terms of global health, taking into account that many health problems spill over national boundaries.

The student may be assessed with an intermediate test relating to the topics of medical scientific public health methodology I. The assessment test will take place through an oral exam. The mark expressed out of thirty obtained will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the medical-scientific public health II methodology.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

To know: the fundamental principles of etiological and evaluative epidemiology, of health promotion and prevention of Infectious and chronic- degenerative diseases applied to the realities of the envinroment, of places and aggregation of life and of work, of school , of health, of foods (Hazard Hanalisys and Critical Control Point); the effective modalities of health education applied to preventive medical activity; the relations on health promotion and disease prevention with the organizational structure of modern healthcare.
Knowing Being: to able to adopt professional behaviors consistent with the principles of health promotion and disease prevention in the individuals and in life and work communities.
To Know How To: Have acquired and know to do Risk assessment (Evaluation, Management and Comunication) in realities of the envinronment, of places and aggregation of life and of work, of school , of health, of foods.

Educational objectives

The new patient management models using local medicine tools: from post-hospital care to the follow-up of chronic patients, from the relationship with the ASLs to the coordination of the CAD.

Educational objectives

Know the fundamental elements of health promotion and disease prevention related to environment and workplace exposures.
To be able to adopt professional behaviors in line with the principles of disease prevention and workplace health promotion. Have acquired and know how to use the skills in terms of individual and collective risk towards the environments of life and work and lifestyles for the purposes of health promotion and disease prevention.

Basic medicine
To be able to adopt comunicative behaviors suitable for the promotion of lifestyles and the prevention and treatment of chronic degenerative diseases; to adopt amd communicate appropriate behavior towards the healthy population: vaccinations and screening. Know how to give a fair answer to fake news.

Educational objectives

MEDICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY PUBLIC HEALTH (I)
To know: the fundamental principles of etiological and evaluative epidemiology, of health promotion and prevention of Infectious and chronic- degenerative diseases applied to the realities of the envinroment, of places and aggregation of life and of work, of school , of health, of foods (safety and security); the effective modalities of health education applied to preventive and curative medical activity; the relations on health promotion and disease prevention with the organizational structure of modern healthcare
Knowing Being: to able to adopt professional behaviors consistent with the principles of health promotion and disease prevention in the individuals and in life and work communities.
To Know How To: Have acquired and know how to use the skills in terms of individual and collective risk towards the environments of life and work and lifestyles for the purposes of health promotion and disease prevention.

MEDICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY PUBLIC HEALTH (II)
The course is focused on the interdisciplinary competencies needed by physicians, ranging from economic and managerial skills to epidemiological methods to assess scientific evidence about the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of healthcare interventions.
By the end of the course the student must:
• know the basic types of healthcare systems in the world, with their main strengths and weaknesses; the organization of the Italian Health System and the levels of planning of public health; essential basic levels of assistance; the methods used to evaluate efficacy, effectiveness and efficiency of healthcare interventions; the financing mechanisms both at macro-level (healthcare systems) and micro-level (hospital and other healthcare organizations); the main tools of management and quality control in the healthcare organizations; main issues in Global Health;
• be able to read critically and use epidemiological studies, systematic reviews and meta-analysis, as well as the economic evaluations of healthcare interventions; know how to use the basics of management of quality control in the health field;
• develop an attitude to adopt professional behaviors in accordance with the principles of equity, effectiveness and efficiency and the objectives of the national, regional and local planning; develop a critical thinking in terms of global health, taking into account that many health problems spill over national boundaries.

The student may be assessed with an intermediate test relating to the topics of medical scientific public health methodology I. The assessment test will take place through an oral exam. The mark expressed out of thirty obtained will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the medical-scientific public health II methodology.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

The student is allowed to choose one or more courses offered within any first cycle degree program at Sapienza, provided that they are coherent with his learning path.

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship in a clinical setting, the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

The overall evaluation of the student derives from the judgment formulated by the individual 1 CFU modules that the student will have completed. A tutor assigned by the course, taking into account the individual judgments for the total of 5 credits foreseen for the TPVES, will express the overall judgment of suitability.

The student will be invited to express a qualitative judgment of the context in which he carried out the internship activities, using the IT tools available at the University.

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship in a clinical setting, the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

The overall evaluation of the student derives from the judgment formulated by the individual 1 CFU modules that the student will have completed. A tutor assigned by the course, taking into account the individual judgments for the total of 5 credits foreseen for the TPVES, will express the overall judgment of suitability.

The student will be invited to express a qualitative judgment of the context in which he carried out the internship activities, using the IT tools available at the University.

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship in clinical setting the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluation internship in a surgical setting:
The student is able to put into practice the principles of the patient-doctor relationship: medical interview, contact, information, clarity, acquisition of consent.
The student is capable to obtain medical history and perform a physical examination in the outpatient context
The student has knowledge and capacity to apply the clinical reasoning: to distinguish between primary urgent complaints and secondary problems; to suggest a diagnostic hypothesis and to individualise the diagnostic methods of greater specificity and sensitivity to confirm or reject the hypothesis
The student is skilled to interpret the laboratory exams
The student is skilled to interpret the medical reports of the diagnostic imaging examinations
The student is oriented in decision-making regarding the pharmacological treatment
The student is able to compile the report of hospital admission/discharge and to write a discharge letter
The student is able to judge the appropriateness of the hospital discharge and to suggest the rehabilitation solutions or recovery in other facilities
The student is capable to frame the reason of ospitalization taking into account possible chronic illnesses, further critical conditions and patient’s frailty
The student is able to demonstrate the skills of prevention and sanitary education
The student demonstrates the knowledge and awareness of the National Healthcare System and Local Healthcare System
The student respects the shift schedule, wears appropriate clothes and is well-equipped
The student shows knowledge and awareness of the ward and/or ambulatory
The student interacts in an appropriate manner with the medical personnel, nurses and the department technicians
The student demonstrates the awareness and knowledge of the different roles of the medical team members
The student demonstrates active attitude: makes questions, candidates to perform activities

The overall evaluation of the student derives from the judgment formulated by the individual 1 CFU modules that the student will have completed. A tutor assigned by the course, taking into account the individual judgments for the total of 5 credits foreseen for the TPVES, will express the overall judgment of suitability.
The student will be invited to express a qualitative judgment of the context in which he carried out the internship activities, using the IT tools available at the University.

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluation internship in a surgical setting:
The student is able to put into practice the principles of the patient-doctor relationship: medical interview, contact, information, clarity, acquisition of consent.
The student is capable to obtain medical history and perform a physical examination in the outpatient context
The student has knowledge and capacity to apply the clinical reasoning: to distinguish between primary urgent complaints and secondary problems; to suggest a diagnostic hypothesis and to individualise the diagnostic methods of greater specificity and sensitivity to confirm or reject the hypothesis
The student is skilled to interpret the laboratory exams
The student is skilled to interpret the medical reports of the diagnostic imaging examinations
The student is oriented in decision-making regarding the pharmacological treatment
The student is able to compile the report of hospital admission/discharge and to write a discharge letter
The student is able to judge the appropriateness of the hospital discharge and to suggest the rehabilitation solutions or recovery in other facilities
The student is capable to frame the reason of ospitalization taking into account possible chronic illnesses, further critical conditions and patient’s frailty
The student is able to demonstrate the skills of prevention and sanitary education
The student demonstrates the knowledge and awareness of the National Healthcare System and Local Healthcare System
The student respects the shift schedule, wears appropriate clothes and is well-equipped
The student shows knowledge and awareness of the ward and/or ambulatory
The student interacts in an appropriate manner with the medical personnel, nurses and the department technicians
The student demonstrates the awareness and knowledge of the different roles of the medical team members
The student demonstrates active attitude: makes questions, candidates to perform activities

The overall evaluation of the student derives from the judgment formulated by the individual 1 CFU modules that the student will have completed. A tutor assigned by the course, taking into account the individual judgments for the total of 5 credits foreseen for the TPVES, will express the overall judgment of suitability.
The student will be invited to express a qualitative judgment of the context in which he carried out the internship activities, using the IT tools available at the University.

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluation internship, the student:
The student is able to put into practice the principles of the patient-doctor relationship: medical interview, contact, information, clarity, acquisition of consent.
The student is capable to obtain medical history and perform a physical examination in the outpatient context
The student has knowledge and capacity to apply the clinical reasoning: to distinguish between primary urgent complaints and secondary problems; to suggest a diagnostic hypothesis and to individualise the diagnostic methods of greater specificity and sensitivity to confirm or reject the hypothesis
The student is skilled to interpret the laboratory exams
The student is skilled to interpret the medical reports of the diagnostic imaging examinations
The student is oriented in decision-making regarding the pharmacological treatment
The student is able to compile the report of hospital admission/discharge and to write a discharge letter
The student is able to judge the appropriateness of the hospital discharge and to suggest the rehabilitation solutions or recovery in other facilities
The student is capable to frame the reason of ospitalization taking into account possible chronic illnesses, further critical conditions and patient’s frailty
The student is able to demonstrate the skills of prevention and sanitary education
The student demonstrates the knowledge and awareness of the National Healthcare System and Local Healthcare System
The student respects the shift schedule, wears appropriate clothes and is well-equipped
The student shows knowledge and awareness of the ward and/or ambulatory
The student interacts in an appropriate manner with the medical personnel, nurses and the department technicians
The student demonstrates the awareness and knowledge of the different roles of the medical team members
The student demonstrates active attitude: makes questions, candidates to perform activities

Educational objectives

Main teaching objectives By the end of the course the student must:
Know the most frequent forms of gynaeological pathologies, the indication of fundamental preventative and therapeutic measures: problematic physiopathologies, both psychological and clinical regarding fertility, procreation, pregnancy, prenatal morbility, labour, development and the state of health of the foetus and the newborn infant.
Must be able to make a diagnosis of the main obstetric and gynaecological diseases.
Be aware of the conditions that require consultation by an obstetric specialist.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

Main teaching objectives By the end of the course the student must:
Know the most frequent forms of gynaeological pathologies, the indication of fundamental preventative and therapeutic measures: problematic physiopathologies, both psychological and clinical regarding fertility, procreation, pregnancy, prenatal morbility, labour, development and the state of health of the foetus and the newborn infant.
Must be able to make a diagnosis of the main obstetric and gynaecological diseases.
Be aware of the conditions that require consultation by an obstetric specialist.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

The aim of the lessons in Neonatology, in the course of Pediatrics, is to provide a basic understanding of the most common clinical problems on perinatal infections that may be present at birth and in the early stages of life.

Educational objectives

Main teaching objectives:
By the end of the course the student must:

Know the most common pathologies in infancy, the most serious pathologies and those that require urgent action.
Know how to apply a correct diagnostic and therapeutic approach to these pathologies.
Be aware of the fact that correct psycho-physical development in a child is the basis of well-being in an adult.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

Main teaching objectives:
By the end of the course the student must:

Know the most common pathologies in infancy, the most serious pathologies and those that require urgent action.
Know how to apply a correct diagnostic and therapeutic approach to these pathologies.
Be aware of the fact that correct psycho-physical development in a child is the basis of well-being in an adult.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

The students will acquire a correct clinical approach to the pediatric patient demonstrating to be able to perform the most appropriate therapeutic diagnostic pathways in neurological and psychiatric diseases.

Educational objectives

In summary, the hypothetical deductive procedure is configured through a step-by-step investigation:
a) Identification of the problem;
b) Finalized behavior;
c) Recognition of a hierarchy of data inferable from the clinical examination;
d) Continuous verification of the hypotheses formulated;
e) Awareness of the possibility of errors of recognition and attribution.

To further attention to the study of secondary arterial hypertension, to learn and quantify clinical signs and laboratory parameters for an early diagnosis in hypertensive patients. To define most frequent forms of secondary hypertension by using diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines.

The final exam consists of an oral test with discussion of the scheduled topics.

Educational objectives

Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for thyroid surgical pathologies with case reports: classification, symptoms, diagnostic procedures and patterns, medical treatment surgical and post-surgycal treatment.

Elaborate the study of pancreatic tumors, with the aim of learning to understand the premonitory clinical signs for an early diagnosis. Identify a therapeutic-diagnostic algorithm. Define surgical indications and contraindications. Illustrate the surgical times of the main pancreatic resections.

Clinical cases presentation in order to define the diagnostic work up and treatment of primary and secondary tumors of the liver using particularly multidisciplinary approach. Tumors of the stomach using the same method stated above.
On the basis of clinical cases assessment of the patient candidate for liver and kidney transplantation. Kidney and liver transplantation recommendations. Surgical techniques

Educational objectives

At the end of the course the student must:
- know the basics of geriatric medicine and gerontology, the socio-health consequences of ageing, the pathophysiology of ageing, the great geriatric syndromes of internal medicine and surgery, the clinical and ethical problems typical of the elderly patient, rehabilitation in geriatrics.
- know the risk factors, prevention, staging, therapy, indications for home, outpatient (primary care) or hospital treatment (in ordinary, sub-intensive and intensive hospitalization) and the methods of clinical follow-up and therapeutic of the major pathologies of the elderly
- identify reasoned diagnostic pathways which, starting from symptoms and/or guiding signs, allow the underlying geriatric pathology to be identified quickly and with certainty and consequently to set up the appropriate therapy with awareness of the relationship between benefits, risks and costs .
- know and be able to follow the guidelines concerning the Medical Clinics and primary care in the field of Geriatrics.
- know the clinic and therapy of pathologies inherent in Medicine.
- know the risk factors, prevention, staging, therapy, indications for home, outpatient (primary care) or hospital treatment (in ordinary, sub-intensive and intensive hospitalization) and the methods of clinical follow-up and therapeutic of pathologies of medical and surgical interest.
- identify reasoned diagnostic pathways which, starting from symptoms and/or guiding signs, allow the underlying pathology to be identified quickly and surely and consequently to set up the appropriate therapy with awareness of the relationship between benefits, risks and costs.
- be capable of a correct professional relationship with patients and know how to exercise their future profession in the interest of the patient.

Educational objectives

MEDICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY PUBLIC HEALTH (I)
To know: the fundamental principles of etiological and evaluative epidemiology, of health promotion and prevention of Infectious and chronic- degenerative diseases applied to the realities of the envinroment, of places and aggregation of life and of work, of school , of health, of foods (safety and security); the effective modalities of health education applied to preventive and curative medical activity; the relations on health promotion and disease prevention with the organizational structure of modern healthcare
Knowing Being: to able to adopt professional behaviors consistent with the principles of health promotion and disease prevention in the individuals and in life and work communities.
To Know How To: Have acquired and know how to use the skills in terms of individual and collective risk towards the environments of life and work and lifestyles for the purposes of health promotion and disease prevention.

MEDICAL SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY PUBLIC HEALTH (II)
The course is focused on the interdisciplinary competencies needed by physicians, ranging from economic and managerial skills to epidemiological methods to assess scientific evidence about the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of healthcare interventions.
By the end of the course the student must:
• know the basic types of healthcare systems in the world, with their main strengths and weaknesses; the organization of the Italian Health System and the levels of planning of public health; essential basic levels of assistance; the methods used to evaluate efficacy, effectiveness and efficiency of healthcare interventions; the financing mechanisms both at macro-level (healthcare systems) and micro-level (hospital and other healthcare organizations); the main tools of management and quality control in the healthcare organizations; main issues in Global Health;
• be able to read critically and use epidemiological studies, systematic reviews and meta-analysis, as well as the economic evaluations of healthcare interventions; know how to use the basics of management of quality control in the health field;
• develop an attitude to adopt professional behaviors in accordance with the principles of equity, effectiveness and efficiency and the objectives of the national, regional and local planning; develop a critical thinking in terms of global health, taking into account that many health problems spill over national boundaries.

The student may be assessed with an intermediate test relating to the topics of medical scientific public health methodology I. The assessment test will take place through an oral exam. The mark expressed out of thirty obtained will be used to obtain the final mark, after having supported the medical-scientific public health II methodology.
The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

By the end of the course, the student must:
• know the basic types of healthcare systems in the world, with their main strengths and weaknesses; the organization of the Italian Health System and the levels of planning of public health; essential basic levels of assistance; the methods used to evaluate efficacy, effectiveness and efficiency of healthcare interventions; the main tools of management and quality control in the healthcare organizations; main issues in Global Health;
• be able to read critically and use published epidemiological studies, systematic reviews and meta-analysis, as well as the economic evaluations of healthcare interventions;
• develop an attitude to adopt professional behaviors in accordance with the principles of equity, effectiveness and efficiency and the objectives of the national, regional and local healthcare planning; develop a critical thinking in terms of global health, taking into account that many health problems spill over national boundaries.

Educational objectives

By the end of the course, the student must:
• know the basic types of healthcare systems in the world, with their main strengths and weaknesses; the financing mechanisms of healthcare both at macro-level (healthcare systems) and micro-level (hospital and other healthcare organizations); the main tools of management control in the healthcare organizations;
• know how to use basics of management control in the healthcare organizations;
• develop an attitude to adopt professional behaviors in accordance with the principles of equity, effectiveness and efficiency and the objectives of the national, regional and local healthcare planning; develop a critical thinking in terms of global health, taking into account that many health problems spill over national boundaries.

Educational objectives

To be able to carry out fundamental therapy in an emergency and know how to prepare the patient for surgery.

Educational objectives

The student acquires knowledge related to the main emergencies in the field of Emergency Medicine, thus develops skills and competences.

Educational objectives

To be able to carry out fundamental therapy in an emergency and know how to prepare the patient for surgery.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the principles of management of the main vascular emergencies.

Educational objectives

Knowledge of the principles of management of the main neurological emergencies.

Educational objectives

To provide diagnostic steps and treatments strategies to correctly manage the emergency conditions which typically occur in critically ill patients.

Educational objectives

Identification of the critically ill patient and assessment of priorities: approach, management and treatment.
Knowledge of the patient's critical pathologies with implications for the musculoskeletal system and their treatment. Be able to carry out therapeutic actions in an emergency.

Educational objectives

To be familiar with the indications for diagnostic imaging and limitations in emergency clinical settings.

Educational objectives

General educational objectives At the end of the course the student must:
• Know the main legislative provisions that regulate healthcare organization and the foundations of bioethical reflection in the context of the issues currently debated.
• Know how to carry out the main medico-legal procedures.
• Be aware of ethical and legal obligations in medical practice and within the national social security system. Analysis of a clinical case and an evaluation of the professional behavior to be taken in critical situations according to legal and ethical principles.
• Knowing how to be a doctor who, respecting the dignity of the person, acts to protect the health and well-being of the patient and the community, using the available resources in accordance with the law in the interest of the patient and his decision-making autonomy.

Acquisition of theoretical and practical elements relating to issues relating to thanatology and forensic pathology.

Acquisition of theoretical and practical elements relating to problems related to personal injury in criminal, civil, social security and insurance matters.

Acquisition of theoretical and practical elements relating to the problems connected to the relationship between medicine and law, with particular attention to those relating to criminal law, civil law and the correct method of carrying out healthcare treatments.
Acquisition of theoretical and practical elements relating to problems related to private insurance.

The exam will consist of an oral test on the topics covered by the course program.

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship in a clinical setting, the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

The overall evaluation of the student derives from the judgment formulated by the individual 1 CFU modules that the student will have completed. A tutor assigned by the course, taking into account the individual judgments for the total of 5 credits foreseen for the TPVES, will express the overall judgment of suitability.

The student will be invited to express a qualitative judgment of the context in which he carried out the internship activities, using the IT tools available at the University.

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship in a clinical setting, the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

The overall evaluation of the student derives from the judgment formulated by the individual 1 CFU modules that the student will have completed. A tutor assigned by the course, taking into account the individual judgments for the total of 5 credits foreseen for the TPVES, will express the overall judgment of suitability.

The student will be invited to express a qualitative judgment of the context in which he carried out the internship activities, using the IT tools available at the University.

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship in clinical setting the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship the student:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities).

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluation internship in a surgical setting:
The student is able to put into practice the principles of the patient-doctor relationship: medical interview, contact, information, clarity, acquisition of consent.
The student is capable to obtain medical history and perform a physical examination in the outpatient context
The student has knowledge and capacity to apply the clinical reasoning: to distinguish between primary urgent complaints and secondary problems; to suggest a diagnostic hypothesis and to individualise the diagnostic methods of greater specificity and sensitivity to confirm or reject the hypothesis
The student is skilled to interpret the laboratory exams
The student is skilled to interpret the medical reports of the diagnostic imaging examinations
The student is oriented in decision-making regarding the pharmacological treatment
The student is able to compile the report of hospital admission/discharge and to write a discharge letter
The student is able to judge the appropriateness of the hospital discharge and to suggest the rehabilitation solutions or recovery in other facilities
The student is capable to frame the reason of ospitalization taking into account possible chronic illnesses, further critical conditions and patient’s frailty
The student is able to demonstrate the skills of prevention and sanitary education
The student demonstrates the knowledge and awareness of the National Healthcare System and Local Healthcare System
The student respects the shift schedule, wears appropriate clothes and is well-equipped
The student shows knowledge and awareness of the ward and/or ambulatory
The student interacts in an appropriate manner with the medical personnel, nurses and the department technicians
The student demonstrates the awareness and knowledge of the different roles of the medical team members
The student demonstrates active attitude: makes questions, candidates to perform activities

The overall evaluation of the student derives from the judgment formulated by the individual 1 CFU modules that the student will have completed. A tutor assigned by the course, taking into account the individual judgments for the total of 5 credits foreseen for the TPVES, will express the overall judgment of suitability.
The student will be invited to express a qualitative judgment of the context in which he carried out the internship activities, using the IT tools available at the University.

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluation internship in a surgical setting:
The student is able to put into practice the principles of the patient-doctor relationship: medical interview, contact, information, clarity, acquisition of consent.
The student is capable to obtain medical history and perform a physical examination in the outpatient context
The student has knowledge and capacity to apply the clinical reasoning: to distinguish between primary urgent complaints and secondary problems; to suggest a diagnostic hypothesis and to individualise the diagnostic methods of greater specificity and sensitivity to confirm or reject the hypothesis
The student is skilled to interpret the laboratory exams
The student is skilled to interpret the medical reports of the diagnostic imaging examinations
The student is oriented in decision-making regarding the pharmacological treatment
The student is able to compile the report of hospital admission/discharge and to write a discharge letter
The student is able to judge the appropriateness of the hospital discharge and to suggest the rehabilitation solutions or recovery in other facilities
The student is capable to frame the reason of ospitalization taking into account possible chronic illnesses, further critical conditions and patient’s frailty
The student is able to demonstrate the skills of prevention and sanitary education
The student demonstrates the knowledge and awareness of the National Healthcare System and Local Healthcare System
The student respects the shift schedule, wears appropriate clothes and is well-equipped
The student shows knowledge and awareness of the ward and/or ambulatory
The student interacts in an appropriate manner with the medical personnel, nurses and the department technicians
The student demonstrates the awareness and knowledge of the different roles of the medical team members
The student demonstrates active attitude: makes questions, candidates to perform activities

The overall evaluation of the student derives from the judgment formulated by the individual 1 CFU modules that the student will have completed. A tutor assigned by the course, taking into account the individual judgments for the total of 5 credits foreseen for the TPVES, will express the overall judgment of suitability.
The student will be invited to express a qualitative judgment of the context in which he carried out the internship activities, using the IT tools available at the University.

Educational objectives

At the end of the practical-evaluation internship, the student:
The student is able to put into practice the principles of the patient-doctor relationship: medical interview, contact, information, clarity, acquisition of consent.
The student is capable to obtain medical history and perform a physical examination in the outpatient context
The student has knowledge and capacity to apply the clinical reasoning: to distinguish between primary urgent complaints and secondary problems; to suggest a diagnostic hypothesis and to individualise the diagnostic methods of greater specificity and sensitivity to confirm or reject the hypothesis
The student is skilled to interpret the laboratory exams
The student is skilled to interpret the medical reports of the diagnostic imaging examinations
The student is oriented in decision-making regarding the pharmacological treatment
The student is able to compile the report of hospital admission/discharge and to write a discharge letter
The student is able to judge the appropriateness of the hospital discharge and to suggest the rehabilitation solutions or recovery in other facilities
The student is capable to frame the reason of ospitalization taking into account possible chronic illnesses, further critical conditions and patient’s frailty
The student is able to demonstrate the skills of prevention and sanitary education
The student demonstrates the knowledge and awareness of the National Healthcare System and Local Healthcare System
The student respects the shift schedule, wears appropriate clothes and is well-equipped
The student shows knowledge and awareness of the ward and/or ambulatory
The student interacts in an appropriate manner with the medical personnel, nurses and the department technicians
The student demonstrates the awareness and knowledge of the different roles of the medical team members
The student demonstrates active attitude: makes questions, candidates to perform activities

Educational objectives

PRACTICAL EVALUATION INTERNSHIP FOR THE STATE EXAM (TPVES)

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship the student in the general medicine settings:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities)

Educational objectives

PRACTICAL EVALUATION INTERNSHIP FOR THE STATE EXAM (TPVES)

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship the student in the general medicine settings:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities)

Educational objectives

PRACTICAL EVALUATION INTERNSHIP FOR THE STATE EXAM (TPVES)

At the end of the practical-evaluative internship the student in the general medicine settings:
Implements good practices in the doctor-patient relationship (interview, report, information, clarity, acquisition of consent)
Has the ability to take a medical history and perform a physical examination in an outpatient setting
Knows and knows how to apply clinical reasoning: the ability to identify priority or urgent problems and secondary ones and the ability to propose diagnostic hypotheses and to identify diagnostic tests with greater sensitivity and specificity to confirm or deny the hypotheses
Is able to interpret laboratory tests
Is able to interpret diagnostic imaging test reports
It focuses on decision-making processes relating to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment
Is able to fill in the hospitalization admission/discharge report and is able to fill in the discharge letter
Is able to evaluate the appropriateness of the indication for hospitalization and indicate rehabilitation or protected hospitalization paths in other facilities
He proves capable of framing the reason for hospitalization in the context of any chronicity, other critical issues and fragility of the patients
Knows how to indicate prevention and health education actions
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness about the organization of the National Health Service and the Regional Health Service
Respects the start and end times of the shift, dresses appropriately for the role, brings everything necessary with you
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the rules of the department (or clinic)
Interacts correctly with the medical, nursing and technical staff of the department
Demonstrates knowledge and awareness of the different roles and tasks of team members
Demonstrates an active attitude (asks questions, proposes to carry out activities)

Educational objectives

PRACTICAL EVALUATION INTERNSHIP FOR THE STATE EXAM (TPVES)

At the end of the module the student applies the knowledge of the national health system among the training objectives of the TPVES in local medicine.

Educational objectives

PRACTICAL EVALUATION INTERNSHIP FOR THE STATE EXAM (TPVES)

At the end of the module the student applies the knowledge of cardiovascular pathologies among the training objectives of the TPVES in local medicine.

Educational objectives

The student is allowed to choose one or more courses offered within any first cycle degree program at Sapienza, provided that they are coherent with his learning path.

Educational objectives

At the end of the course the student must:
• Know the main legislative provisions that regulate healthcare organization and the foundations of bioethical reflection in the context of the issues currently debated.
• Know how to carry out the main medico-legal procedures.
• Be aware of ethical and legal obligations in medical practice and within the national social security system. Analysis of a clinical case and behavioral evaluation
professional to be held in critical situations according to legal and ethical principles.
• Knowing how to be a doctor who, respecting the dignity of the person, acts to protect the health and well-being of the patient and the community, using the available resources in accordance with the law in the interest of the patient and his decision-making autonomy.