Medical Biotechnology

Course unit: Models of immunoevasion and viral oncology (Santarelli) Molecular mechanisms adopted by herpesviruses to escape immunosurveillance (2 hours). T he Epstein-Barr virus (EBV): latency and tumorigenesis (2 hours). Human Herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8 or KSHV) and associated malignancies (2 hours). Herpesvirus microRNA: role in latent infection, immunoevasion and oncogenesis (2 hours).

REQUIREMENTS Students must possess the concepts of histology, human anatomy, physiology in order to understand the different pathological situations in the chosen specialist fields. In particular, they must have knowledge of the hematopoietic tissue, of the heart, of the endocrine and skeletal systems, of the immunocompetent populations and their role in the control of neoplastic diseases. Furthermore they must have knowledge of genetics, in the basic concepts of transmission of genetic characteristics to progeny, type and consequences of gene mutation, gene expression. Also, he must know the main morphological, immunophenotypic and molecular technologies, to build characterization pathways and hypothesize therapeutic solutions. ● Hematology. Notions of histology of hematopoietic tissue. Notions of Biochemistry, structure of nucleic acids, and proteins. Expression pathways of molecules. Cell cycle concepts. General concepts on immunocompetent populations. Concepts of genetics: structure of chromosomes, structure and expression of genes, concepts of the transmission of pathological genes. ● Pathologic Anatomy. In order to properly understand the teaching contents and achieve the learning objectives, at the beginning of the teaching activities the student must be in possession of the basic knowledge acquired and matured during the attendance of previous courses related to biology, cell and molecular, biochemistry, embryology, anatomy, histology, general pathology and pathological anatomy. ● Anatomy of laboratory animals. In order to optimize the teaching contents, the student must be in possession of the fundamental notions of macroscopic and structural organization of the human body as well as the basic principles of physiology in order to implement the comparative description of the anatomy of different species. This presupposes, in particular, an already acquired knowledge of the anatomical method and terminology. ● Immunology. Preparatory to the course is the knowledge of the cells and molecules of the adaptive immune system and their main physiological functions. ● Cardiology. Fundamental notions of biochemistry, genetics, general pathology, histology, anatomy and cardiovascular physiology. ● Animal models of disease. At the beginning of the teaching activity, the student must possess the basic knowledge of cellular and molecular biology, immunology, biochemistry, anatomy, physiology, general pathology. ● Models of immunoevasion and viral oncology. At the beginning of the teaching activity, the student must possess knowledge of cellular and molecular biology, immunology, biochemistry, anatomy, histology and general pathology. ● Endocrinology module. Students must have a good knowledge of Anatomy and Physiology of the endocrine glands. They must also have a good knowledge of the main molecular biology techniques.

Modelli di immunoevasione ed oncologia virale ● International reviews and scientific articles + PPT lesson slides Modelli animali di malattia ● Reviews and scientific articles (from international journals) and lesson slides Anatomia Patologica Robbins Basic Pathology. Elsevier. Ematologia. Reviews on hematological journals published on PUBmed Anatomia degli Animali da laboratorio Chiasson RB: Laboratory Anatomy of the white rat - McGrow Hill Barone R.: Atlas d'Anatomie du lapin - Masson Cook M.: The Anatomy of the laboratory mouse - Academic Press Popesko: Colour Atlas of Anatomy of small laboratory animals - Saunders Immunologia Cellular and Molecular Immunology Abbas 9th Edition (Elsevier) Immunologia Cellulare e Molecolare Abbas Ottava Edizione (Masson) Cardiologia ● Heart Regeneration. Stem Cells and Beyond. F. Engel. World Scientific ● Verranno inoltre suggeriti articoli, monografie e reviews su specifici argomenti trattati a lezione. Endocrinologia · M. D’Armiento, A. Lenzi: Guida allo studio dell’endocrinologia. Società Editrice Universo, III Edizione, 2012. · Testi e/o articoli scientifici di approfondimento degli argomenti trattati a lezione forniti dal docente.

The teaching is based essentially on frontal lessons characterized by a strong interactive component between the teacher and the students. Other teaching methods may include group or individual work on the analysis of methods and results of publications in international scientific journals.

Attendance is verified by the teacher through signature/call sheets on updated lists provided by the Teaching Secretariat. The certificate of attendance, of at least 75% of the teaching activities of the teaching course, is necessary for the student to take the relative exam.

EVALUATION The exam will consist of an oral test, during which questions will be asked to assess the knowledge and understanding of the topics covered in class. The student has to demonstrate that he has acquired a knowledge of the topics proposed, with critical ability, and be able to propose interpretations and/or solutions to problems related to the subjects studied. For some modules (Santarelli, Corsi and a part of the Campese exam), the oral exam will consist of a critical analysis of a scientific article selected by the student related to the course programme. The evaluation will take into account: a) the ability to critically discuss the methods and results of the selected scientific article; b) the knowledge of the topics covered by the exam questions; c) the adequacy of the answer to each of the questions in relation to the skills that should be acquired at the end of the course; d) the logical reasoning to answer questions; e) the use of appropriate language. All modules must be passed with a score of ≥ 18/30. The final grade will consist of the average of the individual modules. The score 30 cum laude is intended for students who are able to logically and coherently connect the topics covered. The property of scientific language will also be a parameter subject to evaluation

Scientific articles related to topics included in the program will be recommended as a study tool for integrative purposes to frontal lessons and adopted text.

The teaching is essentially based on lectures characterized by a strong interactive component between the teacher and the students. Other teaching methods may include group or individual work on the analysis of methods and results of publications in international scientific journals