Oriental Languages and Cultures

Educational objectives

Upon completion of the course the student, already provided with basic knowledge of general and historical linguistics imparted during the undergraduate program, will acquire some more specific skills in the field of modern language analysis. The aspects of the language that the course will focus on range from syntax to semantics, from the grammatical typology to language related philosophical problems. Recent theories in Linguistics Philosophy of language will be presented with a critical approach and a historical contextualization, rather than dogmatically. The student will also acquire various practical skills inherent to each type of linguistic analysis in question (going from constructing syntactic trees to solving simple problems in propositional logic), also through special practical exercises during the classes. The final aim of the course is to provide the student with the ability to read modern literature in the field of linguistics and to construct a logically coherent scientific discourse, also as a preparation for drafting the graduation thesis.

Educational objectives

Acquisition of fundamental concepts of the subject: theoretical and practical aspects. Knowledge of theories and methods of the teaching-learning process of a foreign or second language. Theoretical concepts and operational tools in the teaching-learning of foreign languages and of italian as L2; relationship between lexicon and grammar, analysis of intercultural education.

Educational objectives

General educational objectives: the course aims to convey the fundamental elements for a thorough knowledge of the course theme as a historical and cultural structuring phenomenon of the development of the contemporary Arab world from the late nineteenth century to today, framing it in the knowledge of the development of the phenomenon as a global phenomenon.
Specific educational objectives: upon completion of the course the student will acquire the following knowledge and skills: 1) knowledge of the historical, social and cultural dynamics of the course theme at the global level and at the Arab world level, and their main scientific interpretations; 2) ability to place the developments of the phenomenon object of the course both within a broader framework of historical dynamics, as well as in the specific framework of the contemporary history of the Arab countries; 3) ability to read and analyze critical and interpretative texts of the course theme and its primary historical documents, both in Arabic and in translation (French and / or English); 4) ability to present orally and in writing a topic related to the phenomenon under study, also based on oral and written exercises; 5) ability to continue the study independently, also based on exercises related to the elaboration of research studies.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide students with tools of knowledge and understanding of historical phenomena of the Islamic Middle Ages that will be illustrated a) in their strictly cultural dimension; b) as forms of premodern affirmation of some specific features of modernity; c) as a cultural heritage transmitted to the West. The course aims to develop the ability to understand some specificities of Islamic classical culture and, at the same time, to elaborate terms of comparison with similar historical and cultural experiences of the Latin Middle Ages.

Educational objectives

Knowledge and understanding: This course will introduce students to the study of the Ottoman Empire, from its inception as a frontier principality in the late 13th century through its many transformations as one the largest and most-long lasting empires in world history, until its demise in the 20th century. This course, through different theoretical approaches and discussing also primary sources in translation, will help the students to overcome the established Eurocentric narratives on the Ottoman Empire, focusing, in particular, on its legacy for contemporary Middle East, North Africa and Europe.
Applying knowledge and understanding: Students will be able to analyze the rise and the evolution of the Ottoman empire in the broader context of world history while examining its peculiarities and the reasons that determined the emergence of a Eurocentric narrative on the Ottomans. They will also be able to have a more in-depth knowledge of the historiographical debates that concern various aspects of the study of Ottoman history.
Making judgements: Students will be able to analyze critically the knowledge they have acquired and formulate their own judgments. These skills will be built up also through promoting independent and collaborative learning activities such as self-direct learning, written essays, Problem Based Learning (PBS).
Communication skills: the students will learn how to express their ideas clearly and adequately and how to communicate effectively what has been learned. These skills will be enhanced by promoting collaborative learning activities such as Think-Pair-Share (TPS), small discussion groups, simulations, peer reading and peer editing.
Learning skills: the students will learn how to study in a self-directed and autonomous way, understand their shortcomings and conceive and develop a self-learning project within a set time limit. These skills will be enhanced by activities such as flipped classroom, self-evaluation exercises and written essays.

Educational objectives

Designed for Master students of Arabic language interested in discovering a number of disciplines linked to the Arabic written culture, e.g. Palaeography, Codicology, Numismatics, Papyrology, Sphragistic.
From pre-Islamic inscriptions to modern graffiti, a number of written source will be presented and discussed from a philological and historical point of view, in order to highlight their meaning and cultural value.

Educational objectives

General aims: knowledge of Arabic literary production from the twentieth century up to the present day. Attention will be paid to sources and methods apt to a comprehension of the literary phenomena. Specific aims: at the end of the course the student: 1) knows some of the most significant Arab authors and some works of the literary production of the twentieth century up to the present day; 2) is able to contextualize authors and their works within a general frame of historical-political and literary dynamics. 3) is able to read and translate literary texts from Arabic on the basis of notions learned by teaching; 4) is able to present an argument related to the topic under study both orally and in writing, also in Arabic, and also on the basis of oral and written exercises; 5) is able to autonomously continue his study on the basis of the tools that were provided to him during the exercises.

Educational objectives

The course will present and elaborate on specific themes in the field of archaeology and the art history of the Indian Subcontinent and Central Asia.
Methodological questions (history of research as well as analytical criteria and interpretive approaches applied to the chosen theme) will receive special
emphasis, with the aim of enhancing students' understanding of the scholarly debate as well as their skills of critical judgment.

Educational objectives

Aim of the teaching unit is to give students knowledge and comprehension skills in the field of
ISLAMIC ARCHEOLOGY I A, that complete and/or reinforce those acquired in the first grade of studies. Moreover, it will make the students able to approach orginal themes in a research context, making more complex judgments, communicating knowledge and its process, and studying the subject in an independent and self-educational way.

The purpose of the course is a deepening of the archaeological data and sources of the first Islamic period, aimed at the reconstruction of the intended use of the buildings and of the iconographic programs (coinage included).

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide an advanced knowledge of the cultural landscape of ancient Mediterranean with a particular focus on the role of cultural mediators played by the Phoenicians, both in the pre- and post-classical eras. During the lessons, the student will acquire the specific skills and the methodology to formulate a critical thinking, and evaluate issues, developing independent judgments, ideas, problems and original reflections.

Educational objectives

Knowledge
This course aims at providing students with hands-on knowledge of the main thematic and stylistic features
of texts representative of classical Islamic intellectual tradition through a direct approach to sources, partly
in Arabic, partly in translation. Another objective is to provide a practical understanding of the peculiarities
and working principles of some specific research tools of Islamic studies.

Skills
This course aims at planting the following skills in the students’ minds:
- Using some research tools, developed either by Arabo-Islamic or Western scholars, in either paper
or digital format: Qur’an and hadith concordances, specialized encyclopedias, bibliographical
annuals, repertoires of works and authors, biographical dictionaries, etc.
- Dealing critically with open questions of religious historiography, taking the issues analyzed
throughout the course as a starting example.
- Recognizing some distinctive thematic and stylistic features of texts representative of different
religious and secular sciences of classical Islam, such as theology, philosophy, law, sufism, Qur’anic
exegesis; being able to distinguish the relevant elements within composite texts.
- Presenting and discussing a classical Islamic religious book before an audience (in this case, before
the class) based on precise directions, and relying on a translated edition with a few passages in the
original language.
- Reading, understanding and analyzing classical religious texts in Arabic (or, for those not studying
Arabic, in the Oriental language of their choice). The objective here is that students reach at least
an introductory level of knowledge, working on passages studied under the teacher’s direction, and
that they overcome that complex and that sense of awe that classical Islamic texts usually inspire
even in the most motivated and well-versed.
- Using in an appropriate way some more technical terms from religious studies, especially from
Islamic studies, in addition to the ones already learnt during their bachelor studies, including Arabic
terminology; all this, without neglecting more general propriety of language, as far as both lexicon
and syntax are concerned.
- Being able to pursue their study of this discipline independently (and feeling motivated to do it) at
a scientific research level, building both upon bibliographical suggestions provided throughout the
course, and upon some examples of open debates in Islamic studies which will have been shown by
the teacher.

Educational objectives

Given for granted some basic and indispensable goals (knowledge and understanding in the field of studies; ability to apply knowledge and understanding; capability of critical analysis; ability to communicate about what has been learned; skills to undertake further studies with some autonomy), the course intends to attain the following specific objectives: knowledge of the main elements of Islamic religion, theology (kalam), and culture; knowledge of the main authors and issues of the falsafa (Islamic philosophy), with particular reference to its classical period (9th century – 12th century). The student will also become familiar with the technical vocabulary of Islamic philosophy, and will be able to identify the main literature on the subject. Other objectives are the following: knowledge of the translatio studiorum of philosophical and scientific texts; awareness of the debt owed by Jewish and Latin thought to Islamic philosophy and science; ability to orient oneself with respect to different linguistic and historical milieus; enhancing critical awareness of our past.

Educational objectives

General objectives: The course aims to deepen the knowledge of the morphology and
written praxes of the Japanese language, particularly in the premodern period, with the
specific goal of enabling the learner to read, interpret, and translate archival sources and
documents written according to the stylistic convention of sinitic literacy and clerical
writings. The course also involves a reasoned study of the major evolutions of the
Japanese notation and writing conventions through the centuries, with advanced notions of
paleography and diplomatics useful for conducting an analytical examination of original
specimens of significant literary, documentary, and archival value.
Specific objectives: By the end of the course, the learner will be able to read and interpret
premodern texts of different categories and genres; will have a thorough knowledge of the
history of Japanese archival science and will be able to identify, transcribe, classify, and
interpret documents written in cursive or semi-cursive script, types of manuscripts, and
historical printed editions.

Educational objectives

The training consists of formative activities performed out of the frame of the study course, preferably in multilinguistic and multicultural contexts.

Educational objectives

This educational activity aims to assess and enhance computer literacy skills within the
specific field of digital humanities. Its main objective is to convey: the fundamental
concepts of computers and their use in educational and research activities, the essential
functions required for efficient computer usage, the role of programs as interfaces between
the computer and the user, and the functional and operational characteristics of virtual
work environments useful for students in the degree programs of foreign languages and
literatures and languages and cultures. In particular, the focus will be on digital
applications in the cultural sector explored from various perspectives, with both theoretical
and practical knowledge of the changes and processes of knowledge production
reorganization that underlie the ongoing dialogue between computer science and
humanities disciplines.

Educational objectives

This educational activity aims to assess and enhance computer literacy skills within the
specific field of digital humanities. Its main objective is to convey: the fundamental
concepts of computers and their use in educational and research activities, the essential
functions required for efficient computer usage, the role of programs as interfaces between
the computer and the user, and the functional and operational characteristics of virtual
work environments useful for students in the degree programs of foreign languages and
literatures and languages and cultures. In particular, the focus will be on digital
applications in the cultural sector explored from various perspectives, with both theoretical
and practical knowledge of the changes and processes of knowledge production
reorganization that underlie the ongoing dialogue between computer science and
humanities disciplines.

Educational objectives

The training consists of formative activities performed out of the frame of the study course, preferably in multilinguistic and multicultural contexts.

Educational objectives

The training consists of formative activities performed out of the frame of the study course, preferably in multilinguistic and multicultural contexts.

Educational objectives

General educational objectives: this course aims to transmit the fundamental elements for an in-depth knowledge of Arab nationalism as a historical and cultural phenomenon that structured the development of the contemporary Arab world from the late nineteenth century to the present, framing it in the knowledge of the development of nationalism as a global phenomenon.
Specific educational objectives: upon completion of the course the student will acquire the following knowledges and skills: 1) knowledge of the political, social and cultural dynamics of the phenomenon of nationalism at the global and Arab level and of their main scientific interpretations; 2) knowledge of the developments of the phenomenon of nationalism in the Arab world both in the specific framework of contemporary history of Arab countries, as well as within a broader framework of global historical dynamics; 3) ability to read and analyze critically interpretative texts about Arab nationalism and its primary historical documents, both in Arabic and in translation (French and / or English); 4) ability to present orally and in writing a topic related to the phenomenon under study, also based on oral and written exercises; 5) ability to continue the study independently, also based on exercises related to the elaboration of research studies.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide students with tools of knowledge and understanding of historical phenomena of the Islamic Middle Ages that will be illustrated a) in their strictly cultural dimension; b) as forms of premodern affirmation of some specific features of modernity; c) as a cultural heritage transmitted to the West. The course aims to develop the ability to understand some specificities of Islamic classical culture and, at the same time, to elaborate terms of comparison with similar historical and cultural experiences of the Latin Middle Ages.

Educational objectives

General aims: knowledge of Arabic literary production from the twentieth century up to the present day. Attention will be paid to sources and methods apt to a comprehension of the literary phenomena. Specific aims: at the end of the course the student: 1) knows some of the most significant Arab authors and some works of the literary production of the twentieth century up to the present day; 2) is able to contextualize authors and their works within a general frame of historical-political and literary dynamics. 3) is able to read and translate literary texts from Arabic on the basis of notions learned by teaching; 4) is able to present an argument related to the topic under study both orally and in writing, also in Arabic, and also on the basis of oral and written exercises; 5) is able to autonomously continue his study on the basis of the tools that were provided to him during the exercises.

Educational objectives

Designed for Master students of Arabic language interested in discovering a number of disciplines linked to the Arabic written culture, e.g. Palaeography, Codicology, Numismatics, Papyrology, Sphragistic.
From pre-Islamic inscriptions to modern graffiti, a number of written source will be presented and discussed from a philological and historical point of view, in order to highlight their meaning and cultural value.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide basic knowledge and understanding in the field of Archaeology and Art History of the Ancient Near East, with a particular focus on the History of archaeological research in the area. The course will offer an overview of the evolution of archaeological research in the Near East, with a focus on theoretical aspects and methodological approaches. A portion of the course will also be dedicated to the reception of Near Eastern discoveries in the contemporary world. Upon completion of the course, students will have gained a general understanding of the methods of analysis and critical interpretation of archaeological and art historical research in the Ancient Near East, as well as theoretical aspects and related methodologies. Students will therefore be able to communicate acquired knowledge competently and reflectively, formulating independent judgments, and developing the skills necessary for further studies.

Educational objectives

General goals: detailed presentation of the history of the Iranian languages and the texts written in Iranian languages. Specific goals: at the end of the course, the student (1) knows the general development trends and the documentation of the Iranian languages; 2) is able to situate single phenomena within the general framework of Iranian linguistic history; 3) is able to deal with texts in Iranian languages and the relevant secondary literature on the basis of the notions learnt in class; 4) is able to present orally and in writing arguments concerning Iranian philology also on the basis of appropriate training; 5) is able to continue one’s studies autonomously also on the basis of instructions on how to plan research projects.

Educational objectives

Improvement in theoretical knowledge, acquisition of critical skills and a solid work methodology in relation to the most recent research directions in an intercultural Anglophone literary context. Acquisition of organizational competencies for research constructed through the use of critical theories, critical analysis of current bibliographies, and ability to work on literary texts.

Educational objectives

The course in Arabic Dialectology for the Master degree aims at strengthening students’ knowledge of the panorama of Arabic dialects, introducing them to the encounter with the Tunisian variant, for which students are expected to reach level B1.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes geographical areas and sectorial perspectives in which related projects are activated; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

A) GENERAL OBJECTIVES: The general objective of the course is to enable students to acquire in-depth knowledge of a complex of texts, genres and
authors representative of a defined historical period. At the end of the course, students should demonstrate a high level of understanding of some specific
text types of the chosen period. The laboratory activities carried out on textual excerpts in the original language will provide opportunities for conducting
critical insights. Finally, the course will contribute to forming the ability to reflect on the main ethical and aesthetic issues that emerged in the texts examined.
B) SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: A) Knowledge and understanding: the teaching will allow students to acquire in-depth knowledge of the Chinese literary history
of the period studied. B) Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: at the end of the course, students will demonstrate good ability to identify and
understand a broad spectrum of primary and secondary sources; they will also be able to apply critical approaches to the study of texts, both new and
unfamiliar. C) Autonomy of judgment: at the end of the course, students will have acquired the ability to autonomously interpret complex literary texts with a
critical and self-reflective approach, identifying the social and ethical issues contained therein and relating them to the historical and cultural context of
reference. D) Communication skills: at the end of the course, students should have achieved the ability to clearly communicate the knowledge acquired. E)
Learning skills: The theoretical and methodological commitment made during the course should give students the ability to study and investigate specific
authors, works or genres independently

Educational objectives

The course aims to give students a foundational understanding of contemporary Chinese culture. The characteristics of Chinese culture in a diachronic and synchronic dimension will be identified through the reading of essays, the analysis of documentary material (movies and television series).
At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand and interpret cultural aspects of contemporary Chinese society, identifying distinctive novelties and legacies of tradition. He or she will also be able to choose and consult a secondary bibliography useful for individual research work; and he or she will have improved his or her Chinese language abilities.

Educational objectives

The course aims to improve students’ knowledge of grammar and sintax of classical Chinese language, and to improve students’ translation abilities.
At the end of the course, students will be able to undertake reading and translation of ancient Chinese texts, and moreover to use hermeneutic tools related to this topic in order to carry out independent translation and research.

Educational objectives

Learning and communication skills:
Students are able to undertake self-directed studies under the teacher's supervision. They prepare weekly or fortnightly reports on the following topics, based on the textbooks listed in the bibliography, and on additional sources and reference materials located in the campus libraries: 1. language and writing; 2. bibliography; 3. indices and special subjects; 4.chronology; 5.bibliography; 6.geography; 7.government. They are able to illustrate their findings to an audience in a coherent and effective form.
They are able to identify and locate primary sources on the broad thematic areas listed above by making use of appropriate reference tools, repertories, and dictionaries. They can pursue further studies independently and facilitate knowledge transfer.

Educational objectives

Acquire specific knowledge on the theme of the course and on the main historiographical issues concerning modern and contemporary East Asia. Improve
linguistic skills and broaden the knowledge of the terminology related to the different countries of East Asia. Being able to place, in a wider historical context
(diachronic and synchronic), the specific knowledge acquired, connecting the various historical events and phenomena in a comparative manner, also
through a reflection on the preconditions and the effects of historical phenomena. Stimulate the ability to formulate evaluations and interpretations on the
topics dealt with, through specific activities in the classroom. Improve the ability to express themselves in a concise yet precise way, through classroom
exercises and/or the drafting of written papers on the acquired knowledge. Strengthen the ability to work independently on set objectives, agreed with the
teacher, through extra-class activities, such as bibliographic research.

Educational objectives

General aims: the course aims to provide students with an in-depth study of the political and institutional history of the People's Republic of China, starting from the period following Mao Zedong’s death until late 1990s. It will pay particular attention to the different phases of the reforms and to the evolution of the relationship between Party-State and urban and rural society.
Specific aims: a knowledge of the political, social and cultural dynamics of the period under study; the ability to contextualize single events within a broader framework of historical dynamics; the ability to deal with critical and interpretative literature on the basis of notions taught by the teacher; the ability to discuss or to submit papers about the period under study and to continue the study autonomously also on the basis of exercises related to the drafting of research programs.

Educational objectives

The course is aimed at providing a general knowledges and understanding of different phases of Chinese literature during the first half of the 20th century. Through lessons and seminar activities – which will include reading of original literary texts in Chinese language and literary criticism essays in English or Italian language, students will acquire a deeper knowledge of literary genres (fiction, poetry and essay) and literary criticism.
Upon completion of the course, the student will be able contextualize and analyze various literary genres; he/she will acquire a expositive and analitic ability, will develop skills of literary analysis and she/he will improve her/his linguistic competence in the Chinese language.

Educational objectives

The course aims to improve students’ knowledge of grammar and sintax of classical Chinese language, and to improve students’ translation abilities.
At the end of the course, students will be able to undertake reading and translation of ancient Chinese texts, and moreover to use hermeneutic tools related to this topic in order to carry out independent translation and research.

Educational objectives

Learning and communication skills:
Students are able to undertake self-directed studies under the teacher's supervision. They prepare weekly or fortnightly reports on the following topics, based on the textbooks listed in the bibliography, and on additional sources and reference materials located in the campus libraries: 1. language and writing; 2. bibliography; 3. indices and special subjects; 4.chronology; 5.bibliography; 6.geography; 7.government. They are able to illustrate their findings to an audience in a coherent and effective form.
They are able to identify and locate primary sources on the broad thematic areas listed above by making use of appropriate reference tools, repertories, and dictionaries. They can pursue further studies independently and facilitate knowledge transfer.

Educational objectives

Improvement in theoretical knowledge, acquisition of critical skills and a solid work methodology in relation to the most recent research directions in an intercultural Anglophone literary context. Acquisition of organizational competencies for research constructed through the use of critical theories, critical analysis of current bibliographies, and ability to work on literary texts.

Educational objectives

Competences:
Awareness of specific perspectives and interpretations: Students will know the contribution of Jesuit savants like Athanasius Kircher, Jean Baptiste du Halde, and others, to the production and circulation of knowledge about China in early modern Europe; they will be able to place this body of knowledge within the larger context of the scientific debates of the time, mainly those concerning cosmology, diversity, technological mastery and scientific primacy.
Ability to interact constructively with others: Students will be able to handle constructive debates and exchange of views on specific historical events and processes in discussion groups.
Ability to conduct independent research on specific topics related to the content of the course: Students will critically reflect on the Jesuit contribution to intellectual debates on China and will delve on specific topics of their choice presenting the results either in the form of written essays or oral presentations.

Educational objectives

Given for granted some basic and indispensable goals (knowledge and understanding in the field of studies; ability to apply knowledge and understanding; capability of critical analysis; communication skills on that which has been learned; capacity to undertake further studies with some autonomy), the course intends to attain the following specific objectives: A) knowledge of key notions and central topics on the history of science and technology in Oriental Asia; B) improvement of: capacity of critical reading and in-depth historical-theoretical framing of philosophical and scientific texts; ability of proper utilizing secondary literature; mastery of a highly specialized philosophical terminology in oral and written communication; improvement of argumentative skills.

Educational objectives

Educational Goals
The module on Korean visual arts is meant to complement the students’ knowledge of Korean culture by providing them with a general overview of the artistic developments that took place in the Korean peninsula from the Neolithic to the early 19th century. As stated in the title of the module, Korean art history will not be analyzed in isolation but within the wider perspective of the interrelationships between Korea and its neighbours -China, Japan and other Asian regions- and their impact on the visual arts. Each period of the Korean history will be illustrated through the most significant artefacts, works of art and architectural remains examined in comparison with similar ones from other cultural contexts.
Specific Goals
At the end of the module the students will gain a general knowledge of Korean art history from the Neolithic to the late Chosŏn period (1392-1910) and will be able to single out the specific characteristics of Korean art within the broader network of cultural interrelationships in the East Asian region. The students are requested to write a paper on one of the topics analyzed in the module to demonstrate their personal critical approach: the paper will be presented and discussed at the time of the exam.

Educational objectives

General objectives: The course of History and Culture of Mongolia aims to provide students with an overview of the history of Mongolia, starting with the rise of Mongolian power up to the birth of the Mongolian People's Republic. A quick overview of the populations that preceded the Mongols will be also given. During the course, aspects of culture and nomadic society will be analyzed with particular emphasis on the socio-economic implications, favoring an interdisciplinary approach and the critical use of the sources. Particular attention will be given to the historical and cultural relationships with neighboring countries, in particular with China and other Central Asian countries, deepening the methods of interaction and mutual influence. An overview of Mongolian language as well as the relations with the West will finally allow us to better delineate the essential features of Mongolian civilization. In addition to lectures, students will be asked to produce presentations (in ppt) or term papers on specific topics agreed with the teacher in order to deepen themes and encourage the production and processing of the concepts acquired.
Specific objectives: At the end of the course the student has acquired the essential features of the political and economic history as well as of social and cultural aspects of the Mongols from their emergence up to the establishment of the People's Republic of Mongolia- At the same time he has acquired the knowledge of the interrelations and connections between them and the countries with which they came into contact, in order to make him able to correctly deal with the study of other related subjects. He is aware of the historical methodologies and the main themes and problems of Mongolian history. He is able to deal with historical and cultural themes related to the country in an original and autonomous way. Through the preparation of presentations (ppt) or term papers agreed and supervised by the teacher, he develops the ability to explain and communicate the contents learned and to make valid judgments in the historical field.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes geographical areas and sectorial perspectives in which related projects are activated; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

Acquire specific knowledge on the theme of the course and on the main historiographical issues concerning modern and contemporary East Asia. Improve
linguistic skills and broaden the knowledge of the terminology related to the different countries of East Asia. Being able to place, in a wider historical context
(diachronic and synchronic), the specific knowledge acquired, connecting the various historical events and phenomena in a comparative manner, also
through a reflection on the preconditions and the effects of historical phenomena. Stimulate the ability to formulate evaluations and interpretations on the
topics dealt with, through specific activities in the classroom. Improve the ability to express themselves in a concise yet precise way, through classroom
exercises and/or the drafting of written papers on the acquired knowledge. Strengthen the ability to work independently on set objectives, agreed with the
teacher, through extra-class activities, such as bibliographic research.

Educational objectives

As part of the CIVIS Hub, Society, Culture, Heritage, the CIVIS-KF Korean Studies E-School Consortium project aims to offer students of the CIVIS Alliance Universities, who follow Korean language training courses, the opportunity to integrate their knowledge and skills through teachings provided by professors of the partner universities. The project involves, in addition to Sapienza, the Universities of Tübingen, Stockholm, Marseille and Bucharest.
CIVIS-KF Korean Studies E-School Consortium provides an opportunity for students and teachers to meet, exchange and collaborate. Each course is delivered by the expert teacher on the content of his/her research topic. Each year the content of the courses varies with the intent to offer more variety of topics on Korea.
Specific goals
-offering various E-School courses in Korean Studies
-offer an intensive teaching experience; promote the exchange of knowledge, ideas, and proposals on specific topics, stimulate new ideas and animate debates
-enhance the digital mobility of the CIVIS students to nurture an international mentality among students
-create links between partner universities, academic staff, and students, also offering opportunities for networking
-support collaborations or structured strategies in the field of learning and research.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable
aspects of the Discipline; it proposes general questions and specific perspectives by focusing on their
interactions on a global scale; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master
the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct
specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of
connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

As part of the CIVIS Hub, Society, Culture, Heritage, the CIVIS-KF Korean Studies E-School Consortium project aims to offer students of the CIVIS Alliance Universities, who follow Korean language training courses, the opportunity to integrate their knowledge and skills through teachings provided by professors of the partner universities. The project involves, in addition to Sapienza, the Universities of Tübingen, Stockholm, Marseille and Bucharest. CIVIS-KF Korean Studies E-School Consortium provides an opportunity for students and teachers to meet, exchange and collaborate. Each course is delivered by the expert teacher on the content of his/her research topic. Each year the content of
the courses varies with the intent to offer more variety of topics on Korea.
Specific goals:
- offering various E-School courses in Korean Studies;
- offer an intensive teaching experience;
- promote the exchange of knowledge, ideas, and proposals on specific topics, stimulate new ideas and animate debates;
- enhance the digital mobility of the CIVIS students to nurture an international mentality among students;
- create links between partner universities, academic staff, and students, also offering opportunities for networking;
- support collaborations or structured strategies in the field of learning and research.

Educational objectives

Goals: The course aims to deepen the understanding of the language structures and
variations in Korean and Japanese languages within a historical context and comparative
perspective. Students will have the opportunity to enhance their knowledge of linguistic
changes that have occurred in a wide range of texts, spanning from the earliest written
evidence to modern times. The course will particularly focus on the evolutionary changes
during the late Old, Medieval, and Early Modern periods. Students will develop a solid
understanding of the fundamental principles of historical linguistics, with a specific focus
on Korean and Japanese languages. They will also be capable of identifying the distinctive
typological features of both languages and engage in discussions about current
methodological approaches and practices related to ongoing research exploring the
possibility of a common genetic origin for both languages.

Educational objectives

Course Aims
The course aims to foster critical thinking about Japanese literary texts, providing a knowledge of relevant critical methodologies through selected case studies.
Building on previous knowledge of Japanese literary history, students will learn to place authors and literary texts in their cultural and historical context. Furthermore, through selected case studies, they will learn to identify the main themes of a literary text and to make reasonable assertions about their meaning based on its contextualization. Such themes and meanings will be analyzed in class through different methodological frameworks, with the aim of familiarizing students with the major critical methodologies.
Students will be encouraged to confront with critical essays and to write well-organized short texts that summarize and discuss such essays on a regular basis. Such texts will be discussed in class in order both to ensure correct comprehension of the essays and implementation of critical thinking, and to foster oral communication about the analysis of literary texts.

Learning Outcomes
At the end of the course, the students will be able to apply critical methodologies to literary texts and to discuss literary criticism essays both in written and oral form.

Educational objectives

The course presents the study of Japanese theater, with particular regard to the genres that are still programmed in theaters. The course includes a historical part, the viewing of video, reading and translation of theatrical scripts. Specific Goals Broaden the knowledge of Japanese culture and language through theatrical repertoire. Learn Japanese theater culture from the point of view of scholars and the public.

Educational objectives

Goals: The course aims to deepen the understanding of the language structures and
variations in Korean and Japanese languages within a historical context and comparative
perspective. Students will have the opportunity to enhance their knowledge of linguistic
changes that have occurred in a wide range of texts, spanning from the earliest written
evidence to modern times. The course will particularly focus on the evolutionary changes
during the late Old, Medieval, and Early Modern periods. Students will develop a solid
understanding of the fundamental principles of historical linguistics, with a specific focus
on Korean and Japanese languages. They will also be capable of identifying the distinctive
typological features of both languages and engage in discussions about current
methodological approaches and practices related to ongoing research exploring the
possibility of a common genetic origin for both languages.

Educational objectives

Learning and communication skills:
Students are able to undertake self-directed studies under the teacher's supervision. They prepare weekly or fortnightly reports on the following topics, based on the textbooks listed in the bibliography, and on additional sources and reference materials located in the campus libraries: 1. language and writing; 2. bibliography; 3. indices and special subjects; 4.chronology; 5.bibliography; 6.geography; 7.government. They are able to illustrate their findings to an audience in a coherent and effective form.
They are able to identify and locate primary sources on the broad thematic areas listed above by making use of appropriate reference tools, repertories, and dictionaries. They can pursue further studies independently and facilitate knowledge transfer.

Educational objectives

General objectives: The course aims to deepen the knowledge of the morphology and
written praxes of the Japanese language, particularly in the premodern period, with the
specific goal of enabling the learner to read, interpret, and translate archival sources and
documents written according to the stylistic convention of sinitic literacy and clerical
writings. The course also involves a reasoned study of the major evolutions of the
Japanese notation and writing conventions through the centuries, with advanced notions of
paleography and diplomatics useful for conducting an analytical examination of original
specimens of significant literary, documentary, and archival value.
Specific objectives: By the end of the course, the learner will be able to read and interpret
premodern texts of different categories and genres; will have a thorough knowledge of the
history of Japanese archival science and will be able to identify, transcribe, classify, and
interpret documents written in cursive or semi-cursive script, types of manuscripts, and
historical printed editions.

Educational objectives

The course aims to improve students’ knowledge of grammar and sintax of classical Chinese language, and to improve students’ translation abilities.
At the end of the course, students will be able to undertake reading and translation of ancient Chinese texts, and moreover to use hermeneutic tools related to this topic in order to carry out independent translation and research.

Educational objectives

The course aims to foster critical thinking about Japanese literary texts, providing a knowledge of relevant critical methodologies through selected case studies.
Building on previous knowledge of Japanese literary history, students will learn to place authors and literary texts in their cultural and historical context. Furthermore, through selected case studies, they will learn to identify the main themes of a literary text and to make reasonable assertions about their meaning based on its contextualization. Such themes and meanings will be analyzed in class through different methodological frameworks, with the aim of familiarizing students with the major critical methodologies.
Students will be encouraged to confront with critical essays and to write well-organized short texts that summarize and discuss such essays on a regular basis. Such texts will be discussed in class in order both to ensure correct comprehension of the essays and implementation of critical thinking, and to foster oral communication about the analysis of literary texts.

Educational objectives

The course presents the study of Japanese theater, with particular regard to the genres that are still programmed in theaters. The course includes a historical part, the viewing of video, reading and translation of theatrical scripts. Specific Goals Broaden the knowledge of Japanese culture and language through theatrical repertoire. Learn Japanese theater culture from the point of view of scholars and the public.

Educational objectives

Improvement in theoretical knowledge, acquisition of critical skills and a solid work methodology in relation to the most recent research directions in an intercultural Anglophone literary context. Acquisition of organizational competencies for research constructed through the use of critical theories, critical analysis of current bibliographies, and ability to work on literary texts.

Educational objectives

General objectives: The course of History and Culture of Mongolia aims to provide students with an overview of the history of Mongolia, starting with the rise of Mongolian power up to the birth of the Mongolian People's Republic. A quick overview of the populations that preceded the Mongols will be also given. During the course, aspects of culture and nomadic society will be analyzed with particular emphasis on the socio-economic implications, favoring an interdisciplinary approach and the critical use of the sources. Particular attention will be given to the historical and cultural relationships with neighboring countries, in particular with China and other Central Asian countries, deepening the methods of interaction and mutual influence. An overview of Mongolian language as well as the relations with the West will finally allow us to better delineate the essential features of Mongolian civilization. In addition to lectures, students will be asked to produce presentations (in ppt) or term papers on specific topics agreed with the teacher in order to deepen themes and encourage the production and processing of the concepts acquired.
Specific objectives: At the end of the course the student has acquired the essential features of the political and economic history as well as of social and cultural aspects of the Mongols from their emergence up to the establishment of the People's Republic of Mongolia- At the same time he has acquired the knowledge of the interrelations and connections between them and the countries with which they came into contact, in order to make him able to correctly deal with the study of other related subjects. He is aware of the historical methodologies and the main themes and problems of Mongolian history. He is able to deal with historical and cultural themes related to the country in an original and autonomous way. Through the preparation of presentations (ppt) or term papers agreed and supervised by the teacher, he develops the ability to explain and communicate the contents learned and to make valid judgments in the historical field.

Educational objectives

Educational Goals
The module on Korean visual arts is meant to complement the students’ knowledge of Korean culture by providing them with a general overview of the artistic developments that took place in the Korean peninsula from the Neolithic to the early 19th century. As stated in the title of the module, Korean art history will not be analyzed in isolation but within the wider perspective of the interrelationships between Korea and its neighbours -China, Japan and other Asian regions- and their impact on the visual arts. Each period of the Korean history will be illustrated through the most significant artefacts, works of art and architectural remains examined in comparison with similar ones from other cultural contexts.
Specific Goals
At the end of the module the students will gain a general knowledge of Korean art history from the Neolithic to the late Chosŏn period (1392-1910) and will be able to single out the specific characteristics of Korean art within the broader network of cultural interrelationships in the East Asian region. The students are requested to write a paper on one of the topics analyzed in the module to demonstrate their personal critical approach: the paper will be presented and discussed at the time of the exam.

Educational objectives

Given for granted some basic and indispensable goals (knowledge and understanding in the field of studies; ability to apply knowledge and understanding; capability of critical analysis; communication skills on that which has been learned; capacity to undertake further studies with some autonomy), the course intends to attain the following specific objectives: A) knowledge of key notions and central topics on the history of science and technology in Oriental Asia; B) improvement of: capacity of critical reading and in-depth historical-theoretical framing of philosophical and scientific texts; ability of proper utilizing secondary literature; mastery of a highly specialized philosophical terminology in oral and written communication; improvement of argumentative skills.

Educational objectives

Competences:
Awareness of specific perspectives and interpretations: Students will know the contribution of Jesuit savants like Athanasius Kircher, Jean Baptiste du Halde, and others, to the production and circulation of knowledge about China in early modern Europe; they will be able to place this body of knowledge within the larger context of the scientific debates of the time, mainly those concerning cosmology, diversity, technological mastery and scientific primacy.
Ability to interact constructively with others: Students will be able to handle constructive debates and exchange of views on specific historical events and processes in discussion groups.
Ability to conduct independent research on specific topics related to the content of the course: Students will critically reflect on the Jesuit contribution to intellectual debates on China and will delve on specific topics of their choice presenting the results either in the form of written essays or oral presentations.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes geographical areas and sectorial perspectives in which related projects are activated; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

General aims: knowledge of historical evolution of India in the period 1947-1964. Specific aims: at the end of the course, the student – 1) knows the political,
social and cultural dynamics of the period under study; 2) is able to contextualize single events within a general frame of historical dynamics; 3) is able to
deal with critical and interpretative literature on the basis of notions taught by the teacher; 4) can present an argument related to the period under study both
orally and in writing, also on the basis of oral and written exercises; 5) is able to autonomously continue his studies also on the basis of exercises in
formulating research projects.

Educational objectives

Improvement in theoretical knowledge, acquisition of critical skills and a solid work methodology in relation to the most recent research directions in an intercultural Anglophone literary context. Acquisition of organizational competencies for research constructed through the use of critical theories, critical analysis of current bibliographies, and ability to work on literary texts.

Educational objectives

The general objective of this course is the acquisition of a solid knowledge of Indian literature and philosophy from classical and medieval times. This aim will be achieved
mostly by frontal classes, during which students will be stimulated to discuss and to analyze different Indian texts. The main competence that students should achieve at the
end of this course is the exact contextualization of various texts in their historical, philosophical, and linguistic framework. This competence can be enhanced by the courses
of Sanskrit Language and Literature, Indian Religions and Philosophies, and Society and Culture in India.
Specific objectives
Qualifications are awarded to students who:
 have demonstrated knowledge and understanding of different aspects of Old Indian literary and philosophical production, and are able to elaborate original ideas about it;
 are capable to apply their knowledge and understanding in a manner that they can critically analyze a text, through assessing it in its historical, philosophical, and linguistic framework;
 have the ability to gather and interpret, by preparing book reports, relevant data to summarise the contents of Indian primary sources;
 can communicate, by preparing reports, commentaries, and annotated translations, the main issues that characterised the Old Indian literary and philosophical production;
 have developed those learning skills that are necessary to a deeper understanding of Old Indian literature in a critical perspective.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes geographical areas and sectorial perspectives in which related projects are activated; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

General educational objectives: the course aims to convey the fundamental elements for a thorough knowledge of the course theme as a historical and cultural structuring phenomenon of the development of the contemporary Arab world from the late nineteenth century to today, framing it in the knowledge of the development of the phenomenon as a global phenomenon.
Specific educational objectives: upon completion of the course the student will acquire the following knowledge and skills: 1) knowledge of the historical, social and cultural dynamics of the course theme at the global level and at the Arab world level, and their main scientific interpretations; 2) ability to place the developments of the phenomenon object of the course both within a broader framework of historical dynamics, as well as in the specific framework of the contemporary history of the Arab countries; 3) ability to read and analyze critical and interpretative texts of the course theme and its primary historical documents, both in Arabic and in translation (French and / or English); 4) ability to present orally and in writing a topic related to the phenomenon under study, also based on oral and written exercises; 5) ability to continue the study independently, also based on exercises related to the elaboration of research studies.

Educational objectives

This course proposes to problematise social changes in India and provide knowledge about how social roles were constructed, modified, transformed and maintained since the nineteenth century till present times.

Specific aims

The course will enable the student acquire the following skills:

Adequate knowledge of the relevant historical field: an understanding of continuity and change unleashed through historical processes in a specific historical context.

Skills specific to the discipline of History: articulate a central argument; identify primary and secondary sources; design a bibliography; and master proper practices of citations.

The proficiency to identify and interpret different analyses and historiography.

The capacity to incorporate historical skills in writing.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide students with tools of knowledge and understanding of historical phenomena of the Islamic Middle Ages that will be illustrated a) in their strictly cultural dimension; b) as forms of premodern affirmation of some specific features of modernity; c) as a cultural heritage transmitted to the West. The course aims to develop the ability to understand some specificities of Islamic classical culture and, at the same time, to elaborate terms of comparison with similar historical and cultural experiences of the Latin Middle Ages.

Educational objectives

Knowledge and understanding: This course will introduce students to the study of the Ottoman Empire, from its inception as a frontier principality in the late 13th century through its many transformations as one the largest and most-long lasting empires in world history, until its demise in the 20th century. This course, through different theoretical approaches and discussing also primary sources in translation, will help the students to overcome the established Eurocentric narratives on the Ottoman Empire, focusing, in particular, on its legacy for contemporary Middle East, North Africa and Europe.
Applying knowledge and understanding: Students will be able to analyze the rise and the evolution of the Ottoman empire in the broader context of world history while examining its peculiarities and the reasons that determined the emergence of a Eurocentric narrative on the Ottomans. They will also be able to have a more in-depth knowledge of the historiographical debates that concern various aspects of the study of Ottoman history.
Making judgements: Students will be able to analyze critically the knowledge they have acquired and formulate their own judgments. These skills will be built up also through promoting independent and collaborative learning activities such as self-direct learning, written essays, Problem Based Learning (PBS).
Communication skills: the students will learn how to express their ideas clearly and adequately and how to communicate effectively what has been learned. These skills will be enhanced by promoting collaborative learning activities such as Think-Pair-Share (TPS), small discussion groups, simulations, peer reading and peer editing.
Learning skills: the students will learn how to study in a self-directed and autonomous way, understand their shortcomings and conceive and develop a self-learning project within a set time limit. These skills will be enhanced by activities such as flipped classroom, self-evaluation exercises and written essays.

Educational objectives

The course will present and elaborate on specific themes in the field of archaeology and the art history of the Indian Subcontinent and Central Asia.
Methodological questions (history of research as well as analytical criteria and interpretive approaches applied to the chosen theme) will receive special
emphasis, with the aim of enhancing students' understanding of the scholarly debate as well as their skills of critical judgment.

Educational objectives

Aim of the teaching unit is to give students knowledge and comprehension skills in the field of
ISLAMIC ARCHEOLOGY I A, that complete and/or reinforce those acquired in the first grade of studies. Moreover, it will make the students able to approach orginal themes in a research context, making more complex judgments, communicating knowledge and its process, and studying the subject in an independent and self-educational way.

The purpose of the course is a deepening of the archaeological data and sources of the first Islamic period, aimed at the reconstruction of the intended use of the buildings and of the iconographic programs (coinage included).

Educational objectives

Knowledge
This course aims at providing students with hands-on knowledge of the main thematic and stylistic features
of texts representative of classical Islamic intellectual tradition through a direct approach to sources, partly
in Arabic, partly in translation. Another objective is to provide a practical understanding of the peculiarities
and working principles of some specific research tools of Islamic studies.

Skills
This course aims at planting the following skills in the students’ minds:
- Using some research tools, developed either by Arabo-Islamic or Western scholars, in either paper
or digital format: Qur’an and hadith concordances, specialized encyclopedias, bibliographical
annuals, repertoires of works and authors, biographical dictionaries, etc.
- Dealing critically with open questions of religious historiography, taking the issues analyzed
throughout the course as a starting example.
- Recognizing some distinctive thematic and stylistic features of texts representative of different
religious and secular sciences of classical Islam, such as theology, philosophy, law, sufism, Qur’anic
exegesis; being able to distinguish the relevant elements within composite texts.
- Presenting and discussing a classical Islamic religious book before an audience (in this case, before
the class) based on precise directions, and relying on a translated edition with a few passages in the
original language.
- Reading, understanding and analyzing classical religious texts in Arabic (or, for those not studying
Arabic, in the Oriental language of their choice). The objective here is that students reach at least
an introductory level of knowledge, working on passages studied under the teacher’s direction, and
that they overcome that complex and that sense of awe that classical Islamic texts usually inspire
even in the most motivated and well-versed.
- Using in an appropriate way some more technical terms from religious studies, especially from
Islamic studies, in addition to the ones already learnt during their bachelor studies, including Arabic
terminology; all this, without neglecting more general propriety of language, as far as both lexicon
and syntax are concerned.
- Being able to pursue their study of this discipline independently (and feeling motivated to do it) at
a scientific research level, building both upon bibliographical suggestions provided throughout the
course, and upon some examples of open debates in Islamic studies which will have been shown by
the teacher.

Educational objectives

Given for granted some basic and indispensable goals (knowledge and understanding in the field of studies; ability to apply knowledge and understanding; capability of critical analysis; ability to communicate about what has been learned; skills to undertake further studies with some autonomy), the course intends to attain the following specific objectives: knowledge of the main elements of Islamic religion, theology (kalam), and culture; knowledge of the main authors and issues of the falsafa (Islamic philosophy), with particular reference to its classical period (9th century – 12th century). The student will also become familiar with the technical vocabulary of Islamic philosophy, and will be able to identify the main literature on the subject. Other objectives are the following: knowledge of the translatio studiorum of philosophical and scientific texts; awareness of the debt owed by Jewish and Latin thought to Islamic philosophy and science; ability to orient oneself with respect to different linguistic and historical milieus; enhancing critical awareness of our past.

Educational objectives

General Aims

This course proposes to problematise social changes in India and provide knowledge about how social roles were constructed, modified, transformed and maintained since the nineteenth century till present times.

Specific aims

The course will enable the student acquire the following skills:

Adequate knowledge of the relevant historical field: an understanding of continuity and change unleashed through historical processes in a specific historical context.

Skills specific to the discipline of History: articulate a central argument; identify primary and secondary sources; design a bibliography; and master proper practices of citations.

The proficiency to identify and interpret different analyses and historiography.

The capacity to incorporate historical skills in writing.

Educational objectives

General educational objectives: this course aims to transmit the fundamental elements for an in-depth knowledge of Arab nationalism as a historical and cultural phenomenon that structured the development of the contemporary Arab world from the late nineteenth century to the present, framing it in the knowledge of the development of nationalism as a global phenomenon.
Specific educational objectives: upon completion of the course the student will acquire the following knowledges and skills: 1) knowledge of the political, social and cultural dynamics of the phenomenon of nationalism at the global and Arab level and of their main scientific interpretations; 2) knowledge of the developments of the phenomenon of nationalism in the Arab world both in the specific framework of contemporary history of Arab countries, as well as within a broader framework of global historical dynamics; 3) ability to read and analyze critically interpretative texts about Arab nationalism and its primary historical documents, both in Arabic and in translation (French and / or English); 4) ability to present orally and in writing a topic related to the phenomenon under study, also based on oral and written exercises; 5) ability to continue the study independently, also based on exercises related to the elaboration of research studies.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide students with tools of knowledge and understanding of historical phenomena of the Islamic Middle Ages that will be illustrated a) in their strictly cultural dimension; b) as forms of premodern affirmation of some specific features of modernity; c) as a cultural heritage transmitted to the West. The course aims to develop the ability to understand some specificities of Islamic classical culture and, at the same time, to elaborate terms of comparison with similar historical and cultural experiences of the Latin Middle Ages.

Educational objectives

Improvement in theoretical knowledge, acquisition of critical skills and a solid work methodology in relation to the most recent research directions in an intercultural Anglophone literary context. Acquisition of organizational competencies for research constructed through the use of critical theories, critical analysis of current bibliographies, and ability to work on literary texts.

Educational objectives

General goals: detailed presentation of the history of the Iranian languages and the texts written in Iranian languages. Specific goals: at the end of the course, the student (1) knows the general development trends and the documentation of the Iranian languages; 2) is able to situate single phenomena within the general framework of Iranian linguistic history; 3) is able to deal with texts in Iranian languages and the relevant secondary literature on the basis of the notions learnt in class; 4) is able to present orally and in writing arguments concerning Iranian philology also on the basis of appropriate training; 5) is able to continue one’s studies autonomously also on the basis of instructions on how to plan research projects.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes geographical areas and sectorial perspectives in which related projects are activated; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.

Educational objectives

General aims: knowledge of historical evolution of India in the period 1947-1964. Specific aims: at the end of the course, the student – 1) knows the political,
social and cultural dynamics of the period under study; 2) is able to contextualize single events within a general frame of historical dynamics; 3) is able to
deal with critical and interpretative literature on the basis of notions taught by the teacher; 4) can present an argument related to the period under study both
orally and in writing, also on the basis of oral and written exercises; 5) is able to autonomously continue his studies also on the basis of exercises in
formulating research projects.

Educational objectives

Improvement in theoretical knowledge, acquisition of critical skills and a solid work methodology in relation to the most recent research directions in an intercultural Anglophone literary context. Acquisition of organizational competencies for research constructed through the use of critical theories, critical analysis of current bibliographies, and ability to work on literary texts.

Educational objectives

The general objective of this course is the acquisition of a solid knowledge of Indian literature and philosophy from classical and medieval times. This aim will be achieved
mostly by frontal classes, during which students will be stimulated to discuss and to analyze different Indian texts. The main competence that students should achieve at the
end of this course is the exact contextualization of various texts in their historical, philosophical, and linguistic framework. This competence can be enhanced by the courses
of Sanskrit Language and Literature, Indian Religions and Philosophies, and Society and Culture in India.
Specific objectives
Qualifications are awarded to students who:
 have demonstrated knowledge and understanding of different aspects of Old Indian literary and philosophical production, and are able to elaborate original ideas about it;
 are capable to apply their knowledge and understanding in a manner that they can critically analyze a text, through assessing it in its historical, philosophical, and linguistic framework;
 have the ability to gather and interpret, by preparing book reports, relevant data to summarise the contents of Indian primary sources;
 can communicate, by preparing reports, commentaries, and annotated translations, the main issues that characterised the Old Indian literary and philosophical production;
 have developed those learning skills that are necessary to a deeper understanding of Old Indian literature in a critical perspective.

Educational objectives

The course aims to provide knowledge and understanding of the methodological, critical and applicable aspects of the Discipline; it proposes geographical areas and sectorial perspectives in which related projects are activated; it shows the variability of fields of interest; it enables the student to master the specific topics in order to use them and apply them in other fields of study while using the correct specific language. With the acquired knowledge the student will be able to develop autonomous ability of connections with other disciplines in the various historical epochs and cultural contexts.