Medicine and Surgery

Course Program Module 1 – Fundamentals of Diagnostic Imaging • History of radiology and development of imaging techniques • Basic physical principles: electromagnetic spectrum, ionizing radiation, electromagnetism, ultrasound • Radiation protection and principles of radiobiology • Image digitization and management Module 2 – Imaging Technologies • Conventional Radiography: principles and clinical applications • Ultrasound: technical characteristics of ultrasound systems, applications, and limitations • Multislice Computed Tomography: principles, indications, and dose-related issues • Magnetic Resonance Imaging: physical principles, main sequences, advantages and limitations • Nuclear Medicine: PET, SPECT, Scintigraphy • Radiotherapy: principles and indications • Interventional Radiology: basic techniques and therapeutic applications • Neuroradiology: methods and main areas of application Module 3 – Organ- and System-Based Diagnostics • Respiratory system: main inflammatory, degenerative, and neoplastic diseases • Gastrointestinal system: imaging of inflammatory and neoplastic diseases • Liver, biliary tract, and pancreas: differential diagnosis of hepatic diseases and hepato-bilio-pancreatic neoplasms • Male and female genitourinary system: diagnostic pathways and main diseases • Cardiovascular system: imaging in vascular and cardiac diseases • Central nervous system: imaging of cerebrospinal pathologies Teaching Methods • Lectures with multimedia support • Discussion of clinical cases and real imaging examples • Integrated multidisciplinary approach • Practical training/internship

For a full understanding of the course content, students are expected to have: • basic knowledge of human anatomy and histology; • fundamental understanding of pathological anatomy; • basic knowledge of physics, particularly concerning radiation and electromagnetism principles; • preferably, introductory knowledge of general medical and surgical clinic, useful for the diagnostic framing of major pathological conditions.

https://www.myesr.org/education/modern-radiology-ebook ( più aggiornato) Diagnostica per immagini ( ampio, meno aggiornato) Giorgio Cittadini et al, EDRA ed. 2015.

The course is held over a period of three months, with weekly classes totaling 4 hours per week. Lectures are delivered by the main instructor together with associated teaching staff from different medical imaging specialties, including radiologists, radiotherapists, and nuclear medicine physicians. The teaching activities include lectures, discussion of clinical cases, and interdisciplinary learning sessions.

The final assessment consists of a written and an oral examination. • The written test includes multiple-choice and/or open-ended questions aimed at assessing the student’s theoretical knowledge. • Only after passing the written test, students may access the oral examination, which involves the discussion of clinical-diagnostic cases and the evaluation of the student’s ability to apply theoretical knowledge to clinical practice.

lessons, clinical cases presentations, discussion and open questions with the students

Nuclear medicine diagnostic equipment (SPECT and PET) Nuclear medicine imaging by applying gamma-ray emitters Nuclear medicine imaging by applying positron emitters Overview of therapeutic applications in nuclear medicine

Basic knowledge about curriculum

Didactic material provided by the teacher Book: Manuale di diagnostica per immagini nella pratica medica. Giovagnorio. Editore. Società editrice Esculapio Medicina nucleare. Tecniche - metodologie - applicazioni. Cuocolo et al. Idelson Gnocchi Editore

Attendance to lesson is mandatory for 67%

Oral exam at the end of the course.

Usual teaching

Knowledge of the most important diseases of the genitourinary system and breast pathologies

weekly

Single oral test with questions related to the teaching program to assess acquired skills

lessons, clinical cases presentations, discussion and open questions with the students