Mathematics

1. Electrostatics in vacuum. * Coulomb's law, the unit of charge in the SI, conservation of charge. * Definition of electrostatic field E and electrostatic potential V; principle of superposition for E and V. * Electric dipole, potential and field created by a dipole, mechanical actions on a dipole.
 * Electrostatic energy of a system of charges.
 * Lines of force and equipotential surfaces. * Electric field flow; Gauss's theorem; examples of electrostatic field calculations using Gauss's theorem: layer and double layer, undefined wire.
 * Equations of electrostatics in vacuum in differential and integral form; Poisson's and Laplace's equations; energy density and pressure of electrostatic field . 2. Conductors in electrostatics. * Properties of conductors in electrostatic regime, electrostatic induction, hollow conductors, electrostatic screen, image charge method, Capacitors, capacitors connected in series or parallel; energy of a charged capacitor. 3. Electrostatic properties of dielectrics. * Polarization and dielectric displacement.
 * Dielectric constant. * Maxwell's equations in dielectric media. 4. Electric current. * Definition of current intensity and current density; continuity equation. * Stationary currents; resistance of a conductor and Ohm's law. 5. Magnetostatics * Oersted's and Ampere's discoveries; definition of magnetostatic field; absence of magnetic monopoles. * Mechanical actions on a magnetic dipole and potential energy of a magnetic dipole. * Magnetic force on a current-carrying circuit; Lorentz force; motion of a charge in a magnetic field.
 * The magnetic field generated by stationary currents: the undefined straight wire, the circular loop and the undefined solenoid. * The magnetic dipole moment of a current flowing in a loop.
 * Magnetic field circuitation, Ampere's theorem; examples of magnetic field calculations using Ampere's circuitation theorem.
 * Differential form and integral of the equations of magnetostatics in vacuum. 6. Time-varying magnetic and electric fields. * Faraday's discoveries and the Faraday-Neumann-Lenz law. * Case of "cut flux"; alternating f.e.m. generators. * Autoinduction and mutual induction; closing and opening extracurrents in an RL circuit. * Hints on alternating current circuits, resonance of an RLC circuit.
 * Magnetic energy of a current-carrying solenoid; energy density of the magnetic field.
 * Contradiction between Ampere's circuit theorem and conservation of current, introduction of "displacement current".
Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic field. 7. Electromagnetic waves * Solutions of Maxwell's equations in vacuum, electromagnetic waves propagating with the speed of light.
 8. Lorentz transformations and hints of restricted relativity.

Knowledge of differential and integral calculus, analysis, and linear algebra are essential. It is essential to have properly absorbed the fundamental laws of dynamics and the concepts of work and potential energy from the course of General Physics I.

Suggested textbooks * Fisica II. Elettromagnetismo. Ottica by C. Mencuccini e V. Silvestrni, Ed. CEA * Fisica Generale - Elettromagnetismo by S. Focardi, I.G. Massa, A. Uguzzoni, M. Villa, Ed. CEA * Fisica – Elettromagnetismo e ottica by U. Gasparini, M. Margoni, F. Simonetto, Ed. Piccini Problem solving books di esercizi * Fisica Vol II by P. Mazzoldi. M. Nigro, C. Voci, Ed. Edises * Problemi di Fisica generale – Elettromagnetismo ed ottica by M. Nigro, C. Voci, Ed. Cortina Additional textbooks for deeper insight * Electricity and Magnetism: Berkeley Physics Course by E. M. Purcell, Ed. Zanichelli * Introduction to Electrodynamics by D. J. Griffiths, Ed. Prentice-Hall * Classical Electrodynamics by J. D. Jackson, Ed. John Wiley & Sons

Optional.

The exam includes a written test and an oral test. The written test aims at assessing the student's ability in applying the knowledge acquired during the course. The oral test is aimed at assessing the knowledge and understanding of the topics of the program carried out in class. A mark of at least 16/30 in the written test is a requirement to be admitted to the oral test. During the semester of the course, two mid-term tests will be held. These will be valid for the purpose of passing the written test. In the event the student passes both tests, it is still possible to attend one of the final written tests and decide whether or not to submit the test, in order to improve one's grade. Once the written exam has been passed, the grade remains valid only for the corresponding exam session. The student must therefore sustain the oral exam in the same exam session.

Suggested textbooks * Fisica II. Elettromagnetismo. Ottica, di C. Mencuccini e V. Silvestrni, Ed. CEA * Fisica Generale - Elettromagnetismo di S. Focardi, I.G. Massa, A. Uguzzoni, M. Villa, Zanichelli, seconda edizione * Fisica – Elettromagnetismo e ottica di U. Gasparini, M. Margoni, F. Simonetto, Ed. Piccini

There will be 4 hours a week of frontal lessons and 3 of exercises. During the latter, students will be given time to discuss possible solution strategies amongst themselves, before the problems are solved on the board.

1. Electrostatics in vacuum. * Coulomb's law, the unit of charge in the SI, conservation of charge. * Definition of electrostatic field E and electrostatic potential V; principle of superposition for E and V. * Electric dipole, potential and field created by a dipole, mechanical actions on a dipole.
 * Electrostatic energy of a system of charges.
 * Lines of force and equipotential surfaces. * Electric field flow; Gauss's theorem; examples of electrostatic field calculations using Gauss's theorem: layer and double layer, undefined wire.
 * Equations of electrostatics in vacuum in differential and integral form; Poisson's and Laplace's equations; energy density and pressure of electrostatic field . 2. Conductors in electrostatics. * Properties of conductors in electrostatic regime, electrostatic induction, hollow conductors, electrostatic screen, image charge method, Capacitors, capacitors connected in series or parallel; energy of a charged capacitor. 3. Electrostatic properties of dielectrics. * Polarization and dielectric displacement.
 * Dielectric constant. * Maxwell's equations in dielectric media. 4. Electric current. * Definition of current intensity and current density; continuity equation. * Stationary currents; resistance of a conductor and Ohm's law. 5. Magnetostatics * Oersted's and Ampere's discoveries; definition of magnetostatic field; absence of magnetic monopoles. * Mechanical actions on a magnetic dipole and potential energy of a magnetic dipole. * Magnetic force on a current-carrying circuit; Lorentz force; motion of a charge in a magnetic field.
 * The magnetic field generated by stationary currents: the undefined straight wire, the circular loop and the undefined solenoid. * The magnetic dipole moment of a current flowing in a loop.
 * Magnetic field circuitation, Ampere's theorem; examples of magnetic field calculations using Ampere's circuitation theorem.
 * Differential form and integral of the equations of magnetostatics in vacuum. 6. Time-varying magnetic and electric fields. * Faraday's discoveries and the Faraday-Neumann-Lenz law. * Case of "cut flux"; alternating f.e.m. generators. * Autoinduction and mutual induction; closing and opening extracurrents in an RL circuit. * Hints on alternating current circuits, resonance of an RLC circuit.
 * Magnetic energy of a current-carrying solenoid; energy density of the magnetic field.
 * Contradiction between Ampere's circuit theorem and conservation of current, introduction of "displacement current".
Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic field. 7. Electromagnetic waves * Solutions of Maxwell's equations in vacuum, electromagnetic waves propagating with the speed of light.
 8. Lorentz transformations and hints of restricted relativity.

Knowledge of differential and integral calculus, analysis, and linear algebra are essential. It is essential to have properly absorbed the fundamental laws of dynamics and the concepts of work and potential energy from the course of General Physics I.

Suggested textbooks * Fisica II. Elettromagnetismo. Ottica by C. Mencuccini e V. Silvestrni, Ed. CEA * Fisica Generale - Elettromagnetismo by S. Focardi, I.G. Massa, A. Uguzzoni, M. Villa, Ed. CEA * Fisica – Elettromagnetismo e ottica by U. Gasparini, M. Margoni, F. Simonetto, Ed. Piccini Problem solving books di esercizi * Fisica Vol II by P. Mazzoldi. M. Nigro, C. Voci, Ed. Edises * Problemi di Fisica generale – Elettromagnetismo ed ottica by M. Nigro, C. Voci, Ed. Cortina Additional textbooks for deeper insight * Electricity and Magnetism: Berkeley Physics Course by E. M. Purcell, Ed. Zanichelli * Introduction to Electrodynamics by D. J. Griffiths, Ed. Prentice-Hall * Classical Electrodynamics by J. D. Jackson, Ed. John Wiley & Sons

Optional.

The exam includes a written test and an oral test. The written test aims at assessing the student's ability in applying the knowledge acquired during the course. The oral test is aimed at assessing the knowledge and understanding of the topics of the program carried out in class. A mark of at least 16/30 in the written test is a requirement to be admitted to the oral test. During the semester of the course, two mid-term tests will be held. These will be valid for the purpose of passing the written test. In the event the student passes both tests, it is still possible to attend one of the final written tests and decide whether or not to submit the test, in order to improve one's grade. Once the written exam has been passed, the grade remains valid only for the corresponding exam session. The student must therefore sustain the oral exam in the same exam session.

Suggested textbooks * Fisica II. Elettromagnetismo. Ottica, di C. Mencuccini e V. Silvestrni, Ed. CEA * Fisica Generale - Elettromagnetismo di S. Focardi, I.G. Massa, A. Uguzzoni, M. Villa, Zanichelli, seconda edizione * Fisica – Elettromagnetismo e ottica di U. Gasparini, M. Margoni, F. Simonetto, Ed. Piccini

There will be 4 hours a week of frontal lessons and 3 of exercises. During the latter, students will be given time to discuss possible solution strategies amongst themselves, before the problems are solved on the board.

Part I Electrostatics (50 hs) 1- Calculus basics 2- Electrostatics in vacuum 3 - Conductors 4 - Dielectrics Part II Electromagnetism 5 - Stationary electric currents 6 - Magneto-statics in vacuum 7 - Variable Electric and magnetic fields 8 - Electromagnetic radiation and special relativity (brief notes)

a) Calculus: the content of the courses Analisi Matematica 1 and 2 is essential, namely differential equations with more variables, line integrals differential forms, scalar and vector fields. b) The knowledge foreseen by the course Fisica 1 is essential. The fundamental laws of dynamics, work, potential energy and Galilaean transformations.

Basic texts: - Fisica II. Elettromagnetismo. Ottica, C. Mencuccini e V. Silvestrni, Ed. CEA - Fisica generale Elettromagnetismo, S. Focardi, I.G. Massa, A. Uguzzoni e M. Villa, Ed. CEA - Fisica II, di P. Mazzoldi, M. Nigro, C. Voci, Ed. EdiSES - Notes in pdf format For specific topics or deepening: La Fisica di Berkeley. Vol. 2. Classical Electrodynamics, John David Jackson, Wiley Introduction to Electrodynamics, David J. Griffiths, Prentice Hall

Optional but recommended

The exam is divided in two sections. The first part is written and consists of solving exercises and the second is oral. On the e-learning the infos on the topics dealt in the classes are detailed, that is a guide to the skills needed for the written section. The first section (written) consists of two exercises, one on electrostatics and the other on electromagnetism. Each exercise can be scored up to 15/16, assigned upon one or more questions. The written section lasts 3hs and is intended passed with a score that is at least 16/30. The written section of the exam can be substituted by two short written tests, each one lasts 2hs, during the period of the course. The first of these ongoing tests is in the middle of the course and the second close to the end. If the average score is > 18/30, this value is assumed as a written exam score. The oral section of the exm consists of two questions on the two parts of the course. The student must be able to repeat a mathematical demonstration treated during the course or use the strategies outlined during the course to explain the result on a given topic. The evaluation of the oral part will consider the clearness and the appropriateness of the exposition. After the average of written and oral scores, the exam is passed if this number is ≥ 18/30 and laude is assigned if this number is ≥ 31/30

Frontal classes using the blackboard at the end of each week exercises will be provided to the students. The discussion of the exercises will be done in the class involving the students upon voluntary base.

Part I Electrostatics (50 hs) 1- Calculus basics 2- Electrostatics in vacuum 3 - Conductors 4 - Dielectrics Part II Electromagnetism 5 - Stationary electric currents 6 - Magneto-statics in vacuum 7 - Variable Electric and magnetic fields 8 - Electromagnetic radiation and special relativity (brief notes)

a) Calculus: the content of the courses Analisi Matematica 1 and 2 is essential, namely differential equations with more variables, line integrals differential forms, scalar and vector fields. b) The knowledge foreseen by the course Fisica 1 is essential. The fundamental laws of dynamics, work, potential energy and Galilaean transformations.

Basic texts: - Fisica II. Elettromagnetismo. Ottica, C. Mencuccini e V. Silvestrni, Ed. CEA - Fisica generale Elettromagnetismo, S. Focardi, I.G. Massa, A. Uguzzoni e M. Villa, Ed. CEA - Fisica II, di P. Mazzoldi, M. Nigro, C. Voci, Ed. EdiSES - Notes in pdf format For specific topics or deepening: La Fisica di Berkeley. Vol. 2. Classical Electrodynamics, John David Jackson, Wiley Introduction to Electrodynamics, David J. Griffiths, Prentice Hall

Optional but recommended

The exam is divided in two sections. The first part is written and consists of solving exercises and the second is oral. On the e-learning the infos on the topics dealt in the classes are detailed, that is a guide to the skills needed for the written section. The first section (written) consists of two exercises, one on electrostatics and the other on electromagnetism. Each exercise can be scored up to 15/16, assigned upon one or more questions. The written section lasts 3hs and is intended passed with a score that is at least 16/30. The written section of the exam can be substituted by two short written tests, each one lasts 2hs, during the period of the course. The first of these ongoing tests is in the middle of the course and the second close to the end. If the average score is > 18/30, this value is assumed as a written exam score. The oral section of the exm consists of two questions on the two parts of the course. The student must be able to repeat a mathematical demonstration treated during the course or use the strategies outlined during the course to explain the result on a given topic. The evaluation of the oral part will consider the clearness and the appropriateness of the exposition. After the average of written and oral scores, the exam is passed if this number is ≥ 18/30 and laude is assigned if this number is ≥ 31/30

Frontal classes using the blackboard at the end of each week exercises will be provided to the students. The discussion of the exercises will be done in the class involving the students upon voluntary base.