THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING

Course objectives

A - Knowledge and understanding OF 1) Knowing petrography, its scopes and methods of investigation OF 2) Knowing the origin, chemical and mineralogical composition of natural rocks OF 3) Knowing the main geological processes leading to the formation of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks OF 4) Knowing the main descriptive and classification schemes for natural rocks OF 5) Understanding the relation between rock and its physical properties OF 6) Knowing the main phenomena of chemical and mechanical alteration of rock in nature and their use as geomaterial for the Cultural Heritage B - Application skills OF 7) Being able to infer the main geological processes of rock formation and alteration OF 8) Being able to infer the possible application of rocks for the Cultural Heritage from the physical and chemical properties of different rocks OF 9) Being able to identify a rock type on the basis of its chemical and physical composition C - Autonomy of judgment OF 10) Being able to identify the causes of origin and alteration of rocks OF 11) Being able to identify the appropriate analytical techniques to determine the chemical and mineralogical composition of rocks OF 12) Being able to read the chemical and mineralogical processed data from the analyses of rocks OF 10) Being able to identify the nature of formation and alteration of rocks D - Communication skills OF 13) Being able to communicate origin, evolution and alteration processes of natural rocks OF 14) Being able to communicate properties of Geomaterials used for Cultural Heritage and the overview of the applied analytical techniques E - Ability to learn OF 15) Being able to refer to the literature on rocks type, invetigation techniques and classification OF 16) Being able to locate quarries of specific rocks, and identify lithotypes analogous to the geomaterials used in Cultural Heritage

Channel 1
VINCENZO STAGNO Lecturers' profile

Program - Frequency - Exams

Course program
Origin of planet Earth and its evolution. Meteorites. Chemical and mineralogical composition of Earth’s interior. The crust. The mantle (upper and lower). The Core (outer and inner). Chemical and mineralogical composition of rocks. Origin, nomenclature and classification of igneous rocks using the IUGS recommendations. Streckeisen and TAS diagrams for intrusive and effusive igneous rocks. Origin of magmas and their crystallization. Glass-liquid transition. Solidus and liquidus temperature. Seismic and volcanic hazard in Italy: causes and consequences for the Cultural Heritage. Overview of Italian volcanic districts (Albani Hills, Etna, Eolie Islands, Vesuvio, Phlaegaean Fields). Origin and classification of metamorphic rocks. Geothermal gradients and microstructures. Binary and ternary diagrams. Petrogenetic settings linked with the production of stone materials for Cultural Heritage. Sedimentary rocks. Types of chemical and mechanical alteration of minerals in rocks. The chronostratigrafic chart. Introduction on the use of geological maps. Macroscopic description and identification of rocks and their microscopic investigation in thin section. The private Corsi and Belli collections of stone materials. Free tools and software available on-line to characterize/describe rocks.
Prerequisites
a) Good knowledge of Italian language b) High-school level of knowledge of History, History of Art, Chemistry and Physics c) University level of knowledge of Inorganic Chemistry and Mineralogy
Books
Atlante dei minerali costituenti le rocce in sezione sottile, Mackenzie W.S. e Guilford C., Edizioni Zanichelli (1985). Lucio Morbidelli (2003) -Le rocce ed i loro costituenti (Bardi, Roma); Petrografia Microscopica, Ugo Zezza (ediz. La Goliardica Pavese). PDF files of each lesson.
Teaching mode
The class consists of theoretical lessons alternated with lab session where students wil learn how to operate with the optical microscope to analyse rocks in thin sections.
Frequency
Attendance of the course is compulsory.
Exam mode
During the class, there will be three written tasks, each of which related to igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. At the end of the course. there will be a final oral examination. To pass the exam the student must obtain a grade of not less than 18/30. The student must demonstrate that he/she has acquired a sufficient knowledge of the origin of the rocks (igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary), the main descriptive and classificative schemes of the rocks, causes of their alteration and analitical techniques used for their characterization. To achieve a score of 30/30 cum laude, the student must instead demonstrate that he/she has acquired excellent knowledge of all the topics covered during the course, being able to link them in a logical and coherent way.
Lesson mode
The class consists of theoretical lessons alternated with lab session where students wil learn how to operate with the optical microscope to analyse rocks in thin sections.
  • Academic year2025/2026
  • CourseTechnologies for Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage
  • CurriculumSingle curriculum
  • Year2nd year
  • Semester1st semester
  • SSDGEO/07
  • CFU6