BASIC HYDROGEOLOGY

Course objectives

This course has the aim of teaching the basic principles of hydrogeology, to be used for research and quantitative evaluation of renewable groundwater resources. Students will understand and evaluate the hydrological budget, will know groundwater flow mechanisms and will read and understand hydrogeological maps and reports. Learning outcomes: Knowledge and Understanding: Comprehension of basic concepts of groundwater flow and dynamics, evaluation of water budget components Skills and Attributes: Reading and interpretation of hydrogeological maps, direct measurements on field of hydrological parameters"

Channel 1
MARCO PETITTA Lecturers' profile

Program - Frequency - Exams

Course program
Water in the environment. Earth water resources. Salt water/fresh water interface and relationships. From water cycle to the water budget. Water measurements. Space and time limitation for measurement processes of water. Porosity and permeability concepts. Darcy law. Measure of permeability. Water/rock-air systems. Water budget and its components. Measurements and instruments methods for budget parameters. Water budget analysis. Direct method for the evaluation of direct infiltration. Basic physico-chemical parameter of water. Aquifer, aquitard and aquiclude and their definition. Structural hydrogeology. Boundaries of an aquifer. Phreatic, confined and artesian aquifers. Potential hydraulic head, piezometric field and piezometric lines. Classification and characterization of springs. Conceptual hydrogeological methods and water budget. Hydrographs of spring and rivers and their analysis. Hydrogeological maps. Fundamental of regional hydrogeology. Methods for evaluation of renewable groundwater and surface water resources.
Prerequisites
The course is scheduled at the third year, requiring basic knowledge of geology, stratigraphy, chemistry and of all disciplines scheduled in the previous years.
Books
CELICO P. (2005) – Elementi di Idrogeologia. Ed. Liguori.
Teaching mode
Lectures are both in classroom and remotely, by a zoom link provided on the teacher official webpage. In addition to the lectures, some numerical-practical exercises are previewed. Field trips aimed at the knowledge of groundwater flow through springs and at the discharge measurement of rivers and streams.
Frequency
Attendance to the lectures, numerical exercises and field trips is recommended but not mandatory.
Exam mode
The exam starts with a discussion on the hydrogeological framework of a geological or hydrogeological map, scale 1:100000 or higher. The choice of the map is made by the student. Students of other courses different from Geological Sciences will discuss the Hydrogeological Map of Central Italy (1:500000). The exam continues with questions related to the program topics. Final evaluation in 30/30 is based on the entire exam. No preliminary evaluation tests are previewed.
Bibliography
hydrogeological scheme of central Italy and related papers
Lesson mode
Lectures are both in classroom and remotely, by a zoom link provided on the teacher official webpage. In addition to the lectures, some numerical-practical exercises are previewed. Field trips aimed at the knowledge of groundwater flow through springs and at the discharge measurement of rivers and streams.
MARCO PETITTA Lecturers' profile

Program - Frequency - Exams

Course program
Water in the environment. Earth water resources. Salt water/fresh water interface and relationships. From water cycle to the water budget. Water measurements. Space and time limitation for measurement processes of water. Porosity and permeability concepts. Darcy law. Measure of permeability. Water/rock-air systems. Water budget and its components. Measurements and instruments methods for budget parameters. Water budget analysis. Direct method for the evaluation of direct infiltration. Basic physico-chemical parameter of water. Aquifer, aquitard and aquiclude and their definition. Structural hydrogeology. Boundaries of an aquifer. Phreatic, confined and artesian aquifers. Potential hydraulic head, piezometric field and piezometric lines. Classification and characterization of springs. Conceptual hydrogeological methods and water budget. Hydrographs of spring and rivers and their analysis. Hydrogeological maps. Fundamental of regional hydrogeology. Methods for evaluation of renewable groundwater and surface water resources.
Prerequisites
The course is scheduled at the third year, requiring basic knowledge of geology, stratigraphy, chemistry and of all disciplines scheduled in the previous years.
Books
CELICO P. (2005) – Elementi di Idrogeologia. Ed. Liguori.
Teaching mode
Lectures are both in classroom and remotely, by a zoom link provided on the teacher official webpage. In addition to the lectures, some numerical-practical exercises are previewed. Field trips aimed at the knowledge of groundwater flow through springs and at the discharge measurement of rivers and streams.
Frequency
Attendance to the lectures, numerical exercises and field trips is recommended but not mandatory.
Exam mode
The exam starts with a discussion on the hydrogeological framework of a geological or hydrogeological map, scale 1:100000 or higher. The choice of the map is made by the student. Students of other courses different from Geological Sciences will discuss the Hydrogeological Map of Central Italy (1:500000). The exam continues with questions related to the program topics. Final evaluation in 30/30 is based on the entire exam. No preliminary evaluation tests are previewed.
Bibliography
hydrogeological scheme of central Italy and related papers
Lesson mode
Lectures are both in classroom and remotely, by a zoom link provided on the teacher official webpage. In addition to the lectures, some numerical-practical exercises are previewed. Field trips aimed at the knowledge of groundwater flow through springs and at the discharge measurement of rivers and streams.
  • Lesson code1022346
  • Academic year2025/2026
  • CourseEnvironmental Monitoring and Recovery
  • CurriculumSingle curriculum
  • Year1st year
  • Semester2nd semester
  • SSDGEO/05
  • CFU6