Gender studies, cultures and policies for media and communication

Educational objectives

The aim of the course is to provide theoretical knowledge and analytical skills in the field of gender and media studies. In particular, theoretical-conceptual knowledge will focus on the evolution of scientific reflection in the field of gender and media studies, with reference to the areas of media representations, the role of gender in media industries and production processes, and the practices of media content fruition. Both legacy media and digital environments will be considered, also with reference to networked feminism.

Knowledge and understanding

At the end of the course, students will be familiar with the theoretical-conceptual tools of gender and media studies, with reference to the fields of media representation, production processes and fruition practices. They will be familiar with the main theories that have addressed the relationship between gender and media, with reference to legacy media and digital environments. A specific focus will be devoted to theoretical-conceptual models that focus on internet studies from a gender perspective, including networked feminism.

Applied knowledge and understanding

Students will acquire the ability to understand the dynamics that characterise forms of media representation, production and fruition from a gender perspective. They will therefore be able to apply the theoretical-conceptual tools of gender and media studies to the analysis of media products and contexts, including digital ones. In the media content analysis laboratory they will experiment with techniques and theoretical approaches of media content analysis from a gender perspective, providing analytical skills.

Autonomy of judgement

Students will acquire the theoretical-conceptual and analytical-applicative tools necessary to autonomously judge forms of media representation related to the gender dimension, with particular attention to stereotyped/non-stereotyped forms of representation of women and the LGBTQI+ community.

Communication skills

Students will develop gender-sensitive communication skills, with reference to both verbal communication and audiovisual and multimedia communication. These skills will be directly related to media contexts (broadcast and digital).

Learning skills

Throughout the course, students will undertake a critical analysis of the literature relating to gender and media studies, of data relating to the relationship between gender and media, and of media products from a gender perspective. With the help of these tools, students will acquire the necessary skills to independently deepen and update their own competences related to the relationship between gender and media.

Educational objectives

The aim of the course is to provide theoretical knowledge and analytical skills in the field of gender and media studies. In particular, theoretical-conceptual knowledge will focus on the evolution of scientific reflection in the field of gender and media studies, with reference to the areas of media representations, the role of gender in media industries and production processes, and the practices of media content fruition. Both legacy media and digital environments will be considered, also with reference to networked feminism.

Knowledge and understanding

At the end of the course, students will be familiar with the theoretical-conceptual tools of gender and media studies, with reference to the fields of media representation, production processes and fruition practices. They will be familiar with the main theories that have addressed the relationship between gender and media, with reference to legacy media and digital environments. A specific focus will be devoted to theoretical-conceptual models that focus on internet studies from a gender perspective, including networked feminism.

Applied knowledge and understanding

Students will acquire the ability to understand the dynamics that characterise forms of media representation, production and fruition from a gender perspective. They will therefore be able to apply the theoretical-conceptual tools of gender and media studies to the analysis of media products and contexts, including digital ones. In the media content analysis laboratory they will experiment with techniques and theoretical approaches of media content analysis from a gender perspective, providing analytical skills.

Autonomy of judgement

Students will acquire the theoretical-conceptual and analytical-applicative tools necessary to autonomously judge forms of media representation related to the gender dimension, with particular attention to stereotyped/non-stereotyped forms of representation of women and the LGBTQI+ community.

Communication skills

Students will develop gender-sensitive communication skills, with reference to both verbal communication and audiovisual and multimedia communication. These skills will be directly related to media contexts (broadcast and digital).

Learning skills

Throughout the course, students will undertake a critical analysis of the literature relating to gender and media studies, of data relating to the relationship between gender and media, and of media products from a gender perspective. With the help of these tools, students will acquire the necessary skills to independently deepen and update their own competences related to the relationship between gender and media.

Educational objectives

The aim of the course is to provide theoretical knowledge and analytical skills in the field of gender and media studies. In particular, theoretical-conceptual knowledge will focus on the evolution of scientific reflection in the field of gender and media studies, with reference to the areas of media representations, the role of gender in media industries and production processes, and the practices of media content fruition. Both legacy media and digital environments will be considered, also with reference to networked feminism.

Knowledge and understanding

At the end of the course, students will be familiar with the theoretical-conceptual tools of gender and media studies, with reference to the fields of media representation, production processes and fruition practices. They will be familiar with the main theories that have addressed the relationship between gender and media, with reference to legacy media and digital environments. A specific focus will be devoted to theoretical-conceptual models that focus on internet studies from a gender perspective, including networked feminism.

Applied knowledge and understanding

Students will acquire the ability to understand the dynamics that characterise forms of media representation, production and fruition from a gender perspective. They will therefore be able to apply the theoretical-conceptual tools of gender and media studies to the analysis of media products and contexts, including digital ones. In the media content analysis laboratory they will experiment with techniques and theoretical approaches of media content analysis from a gender perspective, providing analytical skills.

Autonomy of judgement

Students will acquire the theoretical-conceptual and analytical-applicative tools necessary to autonomously judge forms of media representation related to the gender dimension, with particular attention to stereotyped/non-stereotyped forms of representation of women and the LGBTQI+ community.

Communication skills

Students will develop gender-sensitive communication skills, with reference to both verbal communication and audiovisual and multimedia communication. These skills will be directly related to media contexts (broadcast and digital).

Learning skills

Throughout the course, students will undertake a critical analysis of the literature relating to gender and media studies, of data relating to the relationship between gender and media, and of media products from a gender perspective. With the help of these tools, students will acquire the necessary skills to independently deepen and update their own competences related to the relationship between gender and media.

Educational objectives

The course will present and analyse the theoretical models and analytical tools necessary to know the basic and advanced concepts of the processes underlying gender equality actions and policies and the factors hindering the achievement of this fundamental objective within contemporary social contexts.

In particular, the course intends to provide students with theoretical and applied knowledge and skills concerning the entire process of social impact analysis and assessment in all its constituent phases. For the purpose of analysing the different definitions and applications of social impact assessment, multidisciplinary cognitive tools (sociological, economic, historical, legal, political, statistical, etc.) will be provided to enable the development of specific students' skills in the different phases.
The first and main teaching objective (Dublin Descriptor 1) is to prepare learners in active and responsible roles in the field of evaluation in a broad sense and of the social impact of gender equality actions specifically, giving them the opportunity to acquire basic and advanced knowledge and strategic skills to operate in different contexts (public, private, non-profit; economic, environmental, cultural etc.).
Particular attention, for the achievement of the second objective (Dublin Descriptor 2), will be given to the ability to apply in different social and cultural contexts the definitions and application models of social impact assessment with the learning of concepts and methods of analysis related to the reduction of gender gaps and the achievement of the goal of gender equality.

By the end of the course, students will have acquired the outcomes of the following objectives:

- for the realisation of the third objective (Dublin Descriptor 3), the articulation of written, practical and oral assessment tests will make it possible to verify both the theoretical and methodological knowledge and the ability to apply it in different contexts as an essential strategy in research and analysis roles and for the application of social impact assessment.
- Also to be noted is the functionality of practical and oral tests in class and for colleagues to verify the student's ability to communicate what has been learnt according to the fourth objective to be achieved (Dublin Descriptor 4).
- For the fifth and final objective (Dublin Descriptor 5), the provision of a wide range of documentary sources and knowledge of analytical and applicative methodologies enables the student to carry out in-depth studies and updates of his or her studies also autonomously at the end of the course.

These objectives are functional to the development of knowledge and skills necessary for the context analysis underlying the development of communication campaigns or media content and for the analysis of the social impact of socio-cultural initiatives, including media initiatives, aimed at ending gender violence, combating sexist stereotypes, bridging the gender gap in the labour market, achieving equality in participation in different economic sectors, tackling the pay and pension gap, bridging the gap and achieving gender balance in decision-making and policy.

Educational objectives

The main aim of the course is to help students to acquire a sufficiently broad knowledge of the lexis that meets the need to recognize and practice gender sensitive communication. Such knowledge is acquired by consolidating the students’ abilities in all four language skills in English (Speaking, Listening, Reading and Writing). This allows students to cope with specialized texts in various contexts, to become autonomous learners and to improve their communication skills. These tools will be particularly useful to students in their future work environment.

1. Knowledge and Learning: The course will start at a general English B2 upper-intermediate level and should reach a C1 level, especially as regards the analysis of specialised texts and materials. Students are therefore expected to have an intermediate level of English at the beginning of the course.

2. Ability to apply knowledge acquired: Students are encouraged to study the theoretical aspects of the language and do various types of exercises. This allows them to apply their theoretical knowledge through the use of specific study techniques and exercises.

3. Students’ ability to evaluate texts: Students are particularly encouraged to become autonomous learners and to develop their critical abilities in the analysis of various types of texts and their content. They should be able to assess their own performance and that of their colleagues.

4. Communicative ability: Through an interactive didactic approach, students are encouraged to actively participate in class activities through the use of presentations and discussions. This will help to improve their communication skills in English and to develop and apply what they have learnt during the course.

5. Student learning autonomy: By the end of the course, students will be expected to have acquired a good level of specialized language. This knowledge will allow them to understand specialized texts, to produce texts and to communicate efficiently by using appropriate English forms. These tools are also intended to encourage students to become autonomous learners so that they can progress in the acquisition of specialized English lexis on their own. Moreover, these tools will be particularly useful to students in their future work environment.

Educational objectives

The aim of the course is to provide theoretical knowledge and analytical skills in the context of the relationship between Gender and Power. In detail, the theoretical and conceptual knowledge will develop around three main thematic issues: 1. The historical analysis of the evolution of the relationship between power structures, political cultures and gender dynamics in the context of democratic systems; 2. The analysis, in a comparative key in the European and international context, of the scenario that characterizes the relationship between gender and power in contemporary democracies, identifying the variables that still determine a condition of gender inequality in the political system, at the level of decision-making and of political participation; 3. The analysis, through a monographic study, of the theme of gender-based violence, identifying the structural dimension of the phenomenon, its socio-cultural roots and its political responsibilities.

Knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, students will be able to use theoretical and conceptual tools of the sociology of political phenomena to analyze the interaction between gender dynamics and power structures. They will know the main theories that have addressed the relationship between gender and power from a socio-political perspective and will be able to recognize, identify and deconstruct variables, stereotypes and prejudices that can hinder the achievement of effective gender equality in contemporary democracies. A specific focus will be dedicated to the theoretical-conceptual models that make it possible to analyze gender violence, to recognize its structural dimension, to deconstruct its underlying prejudices and stereotypes.

Applied knowledge and understanding
At the end of the training activity, female students will be able to:
- to place authors and theories of the sociology of political phenomena that have dealt with the issue of the relationship between power systems and gender dynamics in a line of temporal evolution;
- summarize the main theoretical and conceptual aspects attributable to the different authors and different schools and to use them independently as tools for the analysis of socio-political processes that affect the relationship between gender and politics;
- identify and deconstruct biases, stereotypes and gender prejudices that intervene in the political system, in its actions and in its languages, and which affect in particular the phenomenon of male violence against women.

Autonomy of judgment
Female students and students will acquire the theoretical-conceptual and analytical-applicative tools necessary to independently judge how gender variables affect the exercise of power in its manifold. They will be able to evaluate the different political systems, the actors that characterize them and the decision-making processes that structure their action on the basis of the gender equity parameter. Finally, they will be able to recognize distortions and discrimination concerning the phenomenon of gender-based violence, its social representation and its institutional management.

Communication skills
At the end of the training activity, students will develop communication skills in oral presentation and writing that will allow them to describe dynamics and processes that affect the relationship between gender and power, using the scientific lexicon of the sociology of political phenomena in a timely manner. They will also be able to intervene in the public discussion on gender violence ensuring a correct representation, in the linguistic and socio-cultural dimension, of the phenomenon.

Ability to learn
At the end of the training activity, students will be able to independently find and investigate the new contributions produced by political sociology in the context of the analysis of the relationship between gender and power. They will also have the skills and abilities necessary to recognize the interventions that in the public debate and in the media can offer a valid contribution to the evolution of personal and collective knowledge on the relationship between gender and power.

Educational objectives

The aim of the course is to provide theoretical knowledge and analytical skills in the context of the relationship between Gender and Power. In detail, the theoretical and conceptual knowledge will develop around three main thematic issues: 1. The historical analysis of the evolution of the relationship between power structures, political cultures and gender dynamics in the context of democratic systems; 2. The analysis, in a comparative key in the European and international context, of the scenario that characterizes the relationship between gender and power in contemporary democracies, identifying the variables that still determine a condition of gender inequality in the political system, at the level of decision-making and of political participation; 3. The analysis, through a monographic study, of the theme of gender-based violence, identifying the structural dimension of the phenomenon, its socio-cultural roots and its political responsibilities.

Knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, students will be able to use theoretical and conceptual tools of the sociology of political phenomena to analyze the interaction between gender dynamics and power structures. They will know the main theories that have addressed the relationship between gender and power from a socio-political perspective and will be able to recognize, identify and deconstruct variables, stereotypes and prejudices that can hinder the achievement of effective gender equality in contemporary democracies. A specific focus will be dedicated to the theoretical-conceptual models that make it possible to analyze gender violence, to recognize its structural dimension, to deconstruct its underlying prejudices and stereotypes.

Applied knowledge and understanding
At the end of the training activity, female students will be able to:
- to place authors and theories of the sociology of political phenomena that have dealt with the issue of the relationship between power systems and gender dynamics in a line of temporal evolution;
- summarize the main theoretical and conceptual aspects attributable to the different authors and different schools and to use them independently as tools for the analysis of socio-political processes that affect the relationship between gender and politics;
- identify and deconstruct biases, stereotypes and gender prejudices that intervene in the political system, in its actions and in its languages, and which affect in particular the phenomenon of male violence against women.

Autonomy of judgment
Female students and students will acquire the theoretical-conceptual and analytical-applicative tools necessary to independently judge how gender variables affect the exercise of power in its manifold. They will be able to evaluate the different political systems, the actors that characterize them and the decision-making processes that structure their action on the basis of the gender equity parameter. Finally, they will be able to recognize distortions and discrimination concerning the phenomenon of gender-based violence, its social representation and its institutional management.

Communication skills
At the end of the training activity, students will develop communication skills in oral presentation and writing that will allow them to describe dynamics and processes that affect the relationship between gender and power, using the scientific lexicon of the sociology of political phenomena in a timely manner. They will also be able to intervene in the public discussion on gender violence ensuring a correct representation, in the linguistic and socio-cultural dimension, of the phenomenon.

Ability to learn
At the end of the training activity, students will be able to independently find and investigate the new contributions produced by political sociology in the context of the analysis of the relationship between gender and power. They will also have the skills and abilities necessary to recognize the interventions that in the public debate and in the media can offer a valid contribution to the evolution of personal and collective knowledge on the relationship between gender and power.

Educational objectives

The aim of the course is to provide theoretical knowledge and analytical skills in the context of the relationship between Gender and Power. In detail, the theoretical and conceptual knowledge will develop around three main thematic issues: 1. The historical analysis of the evolution of the relationship between power structures, political cultures and gender dynamics in the context of democratic systems; 2. The analysis, in a comparative key in the European and international context, of the scenario that characterizes the relationship between gender and power in contemporary democracies, identifying the variables that still determine a condition of gender inequality in the political system, at the level of decision-making and of political participation; 3. The analysis, through a monographic study, of the theme of gender-based violence, identifying the structural dimension of the phenomenon, its socio-cultural roots and its political responsibilities.

Knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, students will be able to use theoretical and conceptual tools of the sociology of political phenomena to analyze the interaction between gender dynamics and power structures. They will know the main theories that have addressed the relationship between gender and power from a socio-political perspective and will be able to recognize, identify and deconstruct variables, stereotypes and prejudices that can hinder the achievement of effective gender equality in contemporary democracies. A specific focus will be dedicated to the theoretical-conceptual models that make it possible to analyze gender violence, to recognize its structural dimension, to deconstruct its underlying prejudices and stereotypes.

Applied knowledge and understanding
At the end of the training activity, female students will be able to:
- to place authors and theories of the sociology of political phenomena that have dealt with the issue of the relationship between power systems and gender dynamics in a line of temporal evolution;
- summarize the main theoretical and conceptual aspects attributable to the different authors and different schools and to use them independently as tools for the analysis of socio-political processes that affect the relationship between gender and politics;
- identify and deconstruct biases, stereotypes and gender prejudices that intervene in the political system, in its actions and in its languages, and which affect in particular the phenomenon of male violence against women.

Autonomy of judgment
Female students and students will acquire the theoretical-conceptual and analytical-applicative tools necessary to independently judge how gender variables affect the exercise of power in its manifold. They will be able to evaluate the different political systems, the actors that characterize them and the decision-making processes that structure their action on the basis of the gender equity parameter. Finally, they will be able to recognize distortions and discrimination concerning the phenomenon of gender-based violence, its social representation and its institutional management.

Communication skills
At the end of the training activity, students will develop communication skills in oral presentation and writing that will allow them to describe dynamics and processes that affect the relationship between gender and power, using the scientific lexicon of the sociology of political phenomena in a timely manner. They will also be able to intervene in the public discussion on gender violence ensuring a correct representation, in the linguistic and socio-cultural dimension, of the phenomenon.

Ability to learn
At the end of the training activity, students will be able to independently find and investigate the new contributions produced by political sociology in the context of the analysis of the relationship between gender and power. They will also have the skills and abilities necessary to recognize the interventions that in the public debate and in the media can offer a valid contribution to the evolution of personal and collective knowledge on the relationship between gender and power.

Educational objectives

Knowledge and understanding of the discipline; ability to apply knowledge and understanding; critical and judgmental skills; ability to communicate what has been learned; ability to pursue studies independently, the course aims to achieve in more detail/specificity the following additional objectives: (1) achievement of introductory notions about the subject matter, terminology and typical problems of the Gender’s studies; in-depth study of a specific topic through specialized texts and bibliography.

Educational objectives

The course consists of two modules that will proceed in synergy.
The first one, Sociology of Digital Media, is aimed at providing students with the theoretical and empirical frameworks of the sociology of digital media. Particular emphasis will be given to gain knowledge regarding the interplay between:
a. web cultures and communicative practices connected to specific digital environments, focusing on social networking platforms;
b. the shaping of specific social aggregates [networked publics, affective publics] exceeding the characteristics of mainstream media audiences;
c. the mechanisms [on the platforms side: datafication, commodification, selection; on the users side: engagement, virality and content circulation], practices and algorithmic logics governing the generation of echo chambers and filter bubbles, which are functional for the understanding of the mechanisms of public opinion formation.
The Laboratory on Media Activism and Gender Issues aims to investigate and develop concrete outputs based on theoretical frameworks to case studies and publicly relevant phenomena related to forms of media activism, with particular reference to gender and intersectional dimensions [e.g., data feminism, hashtag feminism, digital self-defense].
Based on the knowledge developed in the first module, the Lab will specifically explore:
1. The role of "gender affordances" and platform design in fostering forms of discrimination, marginalization, and invisibilization
2. Examples of media activism aimed at countering discrimination.
The in-depth work aims to stimulate students' reflection and creativity by applying them to the creation of group projects that will address the topics covered in the Laboratory.

Educational objectives

The course consists of two modules that will proceed in synergy.
The first one, Sociology of Digital Media, is aimed at providing students with the theoretical and empirical frameworks of the sociology of digital media. Particular emphasis will be given to gain knowledge regarding the interplay between:
a. web cultures and communicative practices connected to specific digital environments, focusing on social networking platforms;
b. the shaping of specific social aggregates [networked publics, affective publics] exceeding the characteristics of mainstream media audiences;
c. the mechanisms [on the platforms side: datafication, commodification, selection; on the users side: engagement, virality and content circulation], practices and algorithmic logics governing the generation of echo chambers and filter bubbles, which are functional for the understanding of the mechanisms of public opinion formation.
The Laboratory on Media Activism and Gender Issues aims to investigate and develop concrete outputs based on theoretical frameworks to case studies and publicly relevant phenomena related to forms of media activism, with particular reference to gender and intersectional dimensions [e.g., data feminism, hashtag feminism, digital self-defense].
Based on the knowledge developed in the first module, the Lab will specifically explore:
1. The role of "gender affordances" and platform design in fostering forms of discrimination, marginalization, and invisibilization
2. Examples of media activism aimed at countering discrimination.
The in-depth work aims to stimulate students' reflection and creativity by applying them to the creation of group projects that will address the topics covered in the Laboratory.

Educational objectives

The course consists of two modules that will proceed in synergy.
The first one, Sociology of Digital Media, is aimed at providing students with the theoretical and empirical frameworks of the sociology of digital media. Particular emphasis will be given to gain knowledge regarding the interplay between:
a. web cultures and communicative practices connected to specific digital environments, focusing on social networking platforms;
b. the shaping of specific social aggregates [networked publics, affective publics] exceeding the characteristics of mainstream media audiences;
c. the mechanisms [on the platforms side: datafication, commodification, selection; on the users side: engagement, virality and content circulation], practices and algorithmic logics governing the generation of echo chambers and filter bubbles, which are functional for the understanding of the mechanisms of public opinion formation.
The Laboratory on Media Activism and Gender Issues aims to investigate and develop concrete outputs based on theoretical frameworks to case studies and publicly relevant phenomena related to forms of media activism, with particular reference to gender and intersectional dimensions [e.g., data feminism, hashtag feminism, digital self-defense].
Based on the knowledge developed in the first module, the Lab will specifically explore:
1. The role of "gender affordances" and platform design in fostering forms of discrimination, marginalization, and invisibilization
2. Examples of media activism aimed at countering discrimination.
The in-depth work aims to stimulate students' reflection and creativity by applying them to the creation of group projects that will address the topics covered in the Laboratory.

Educational objectives

The general objective of the course is to contribute to the training of journalistic communication professionals who nurture productive routines and produce news content aimed at contributing to gender equality and women's empowerment and, consequently, at counteracting gender imbalances.

Specific objectives are:
- to provide knowledge on the ways in which images and narratives can reinforce or challenge gender imbalances
- provide knowledge on the literature related to the relationship between women and journalism
- provide knowledge on the contribution historically made by women to the journalism profession
- provide theoretical-conceptual and analytical-applicative tools necessary to independently judge gender-related forms of journalistic representation, with particular attention to stereotyped/non-stereotyped forms of representation of women and the LGBTQI+ community
- provide gender-sensitive communication skills, with reference to both verbal communication and audiovisual and multimedia communication. These skills will be directly related to media contexts (broadcast and digital).
- provide knowledge and skills on source research methods, access to databases, relations with press offices, digital resources useful for supporting gender equality
- provide knowledge and skills on fact-checking in the age of disinformation and post-truth
- provide skills in the development of gender-sensitive journalistic texts

In general, the course is functional to train information communication professionals capable of developing gender-sensitive communication campaigns, of realising journalistic content that is attentive to the correct representation and narration of gender issues, of working in the press and communication offices of organisations committed to gender equality policies.

Educational objectives

Internships and apprenticeships have the overall objective of testing knowledge and skills acquired by students in the course of study, in order to understand in practice processes and practices of producing gender-sensitive media and cultural content aimed at promoting gender equality

Educational objectives

Internships and apprenticeships have the overall objective of testing knowledge and skills acquired by students in the master course, in order to understand in practice processes and practices of producing gender-sensitive media and cultural content aimed at promoting gender equality

Educational objectives

Knowledge and understanding of
- The brand communication system and its players
- Brand concept, evolution, study approaches, functions for consumers, producers and distributors, and main dimensions (awareness, identity, image, reputation, personality, equity, etc.).
- Concepts and guidelines (integration, narrative, experience and relationship) underlying integrated brand communication.
- Evolution of the role, characteristics and functions of advertising and integrated brand communication.
- Development phases of an integrated communication campaign (situational analysis, elaboration of a creative brief, design of a media plan, development of creativity, monitoring and evaluation).
- Brand activism and the various typologies, with a focus on gender issues
- Relationship between gender and brand communication, in relation to content
- Relationship between gender and brand communication, in relation to the communication industry
- Relationship between gender and brand communication, in relation to readings of audiences
- Practice of Femvertising
- Risks of gender washing, pinkwashing and rainbow washing

Applied knowledge and understanding.
- Apply knowledge of the specific know-how of brand communication to complete tasks and solve theoretical or practical problems linked to the gender dimension such as:
- search for information and case studies to supplement the knowledge acquired in the course
- recognition of the elements of a copy strategy
- reading of a brief
- reading audience data from the main media.
- design of an integrated (brand) communication plan

Autonomy of judgement
- critical analysis of a communication campaign
- critical analysis of gender images in a communication campaign
- recognition of gender washing, pinkwashing and rainbow washing strategies

Communication skills
- Communicating knowledge in the field of brand communication clearly and unambiguously to specialist and non-specialist audiences

Learning skills.
- To develop learning skills that enable one to continue studying in a self-directed or autonomous manner.

Educational objectives

The aim of the final examination is to develop the student's ability to work independently and in groups, to enhance their organisational skills, their aptitude for research and to measure their expository skills.
The final examination involves the writing of a thesis on a topic consistent with the educational objectives of the course of study. The thesis must always be an original written work, and may be theoretical, experimental or compilative. The experimental thesis involves the analysis and presentation of original laboratory or clinical data. The compilative thesis consists of a critical analysis of the bibliographical documentation available on the specific topic. The theoretical thesis involves the reconstruction of the literature on a topic and its critical analysis.

Expected learning outcomes
The learning outcomes developed by the student in the course of the work carried out for the final examination can be summarised as follows:
Knowledge and comprehension skills
The student must be familiar with the scientific literature relating to the topic of his/her thesis
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
The student must be able to process and critically analyse the available scientific literature in the form of a correct and up-to-date bibliographical review. In carrying out the laboratory and/or clinical work for their experimental thesis, the student must progressively acquire the ability to make use of the most scientifically appropriate and correct methods for the achievement of results.
Autonomy of judgement
The student must be able to critically analyse the scientific literature on the subject of his or her thesis and, over time, develop a scientifically correct methodological approach.
Communication skills
The student must present the contents of their thesis clearly, concisely and in scientifically correct language. In the case of experimental theses, the aim of the investigation, the materials and methods used, the results obtained and the final considerations must be well explained.