Medicine and Surgery

Recombinant DNA technology and molecular biology techniques. DNA amplification and sequencing. Genomic and expression libraries. Molecular probes and diagnostic applications. Polymorphic molecular markers. Physical mapping of human chromosomes. Polymorphisms for direct analysis of human diseases and association studies with disease genes. -Omics approaches to studying cellular functions. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis techniques. Interpretation of genome, transcriptome and proteome. Genetically modified organisms and animal models of human diseases. Genetic mechanisms of genome evolution. Population genetics and applications. Allelic and genotypic frequencies. Hardy-Weinberg law. Carrier risk calculation. Factors altering genetic equilibrium. Inbreeding and genetic risk. Founder effect diseases. Population genetic screening. Methods for reconstructing human migrations. Uniparental markers. Out of Africa. Ancient DNA and interbreeding between human lineages. Genetic diversity within vs between populations. Geographic distribution of genetic diseases. Geographic origin as clinical risk factor. Natural selection and protective polymorphisms. Gene-culture coevolution. Local adaptations. Genetic heritage from extinct human lineages and modern health. Geographic isolation and pathogen vulnerability. Pharmacogenetics and geographic origin. Personalized medicine. Forensic applications of allelic frequencies. Ethical and medico-legal aspects.

Strachan T. Genetica e Genomica nelle scienze mediche, Zanichelli Russell P. J. Genetica, un approccio molecolare. Pearson